{"id":830,"date":"2024-04-02T21:19:44","date_gmt":"2024-04-02T21:19:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/?p=830"},"modified":"2024-07-25T14:21:07","modified_gmt":"2024-07-25T14:21:07","slug":"a-hvada-leid-er-island-i-loftslagsmalum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/a-hvada-leid-er-island-i-loftslagsmalum\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c1 hva\u00f0a lei\u00f0 er \u00cdsland \u00ed loftslagsm\u00e1lum?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u00cd s\u00ed\u00f0ustu grein okkar, <a href=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/markmid-og-stefna-islands-i-loftslagsmalum\/\"><em>Markmi\u00f0 og stefna \u00cdslands \u00ed loftslagsm\u00e1lum<\/em><\/a><em>, <\/em>fj\u00f6llu\u00f0um vi\u00f0 um markmi\u00f0 \u00edslenskra stj\u00f3rnvalda \u00ed loftslagsm\u00e1lum og s\u00e9rstaka \u00e1herslu \u00feeirra \u00e1 a\u00f0 draga hratt \u00far samf\u00e9lagslosun. \u00cd \u00feessari grein \u00e6tlum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a eina tiltekna \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un stj\u00f3rnvalda: \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un um a\u00f0 n\u00fdta svokalla\u00f0an <em>ETS-sveigjanleika<\/em> til m\u00f3ts vi\u00f0 skuldbindingar \u00cdslands sem var\u00f0a samf\u00e9lagslosun. L\u00edklega hafa f\u00e6stir lesendur heyrt um \u00feessa \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un, sem var tilkynnt Eftirlitsstofnun EFTA (<span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"ESA: EFTA Surveillance Authority\">ESA<\/span>) me\u00f0 formlegum h\u00e6tti fyrir fj\u00f3rum \u00e1rum. \u00c1hrif hennar \u00e1 st\u00f6\u00f0u og hagsmuni \u00cdslands eru hins vegar sl\u00edk a\u00f0 fur\u00f0u s\u00e6tir hversu l\u00edti\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 r\u00e6tt um m\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00e1 vettvangi stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lanna og \u00ed fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 fyrsta er erfitt a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unin sty\u00f0ji vi\u00f0 <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0 markmi\u00f0 \u00cdslands eru a\u00f0 draga hratt \u00far samf\u00e9lagslosun til 2030 (n\u00e1nar tilteki\u00f0 um 55% mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00e1ri\u00f0 2005) og a\u00f0 n\u00e1 kolefnishlutleysi og fullum orkuskiptum \u00e1ri\u00f0 2040.\">markmi\u00f0<\/span> \u00cdslands og yfirl\u00fdst lei\u00f0togahlutverk landsins \u00ed loftslagsm\u00e1lum. H\u00fan hefur, \u00fevert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti, l\u00e9tt verulega \u00e1 \u00fer\u00fdstingi um a\u00f0 draga \u00far losun gr\u00f3\u00f0urh\u00fasalofttegunda h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi. A\u00f0 auki hefur \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unin \u00ed f\u00f6r me\u00f0 s\u00e9r a\u00f0 \u00cdsland afsalar s\u00e9r milljar\u00f0atekjum af s\u00f6lu uppbo\u00f0sheimilda \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptakerfi ESB me\u00f0 losunarheimildir (ETS-kerfinu) \u2013 tekjum sem hef\u00f0u geta\u00f0 n\u00fdst til a\u00f0 fj\u00e1rmagna a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir til a\u00f0 draga \u00far losun og vinna a\u00f0 umhverfis- og samf\u00e9lagslegum markmi\u00f0um \u00e1 \u00cdslandi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cd \u00feessari grein munum vi\u00f0 kafa ofan \u00ed inntak og \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu ETS-sveigjanleikans. Okkur leikur einkum forvitni \u00e1 a\u00f0 vita hvort vanda\u00f0 hafi veri\u00f0 til verka \u00feegar \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unin um a\u00f0 n\u00fdta hann var tekin &#8211; me\u00f0 tilheyrandi afsali \u00e1 tekjum upp \u00e1 marga milljar\u00f0a. Voru \u00e1hrifin metin fyrirfram og bygg\u00f0i \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unin \u00e1 fulln\u00e6gjandi greiningum og g\u00f6gnum? Fyrst ver\u00f0ur \u00fe\u00f3 viki\u00f0 stuttlega a\u00f0 tveimur efnisatri\u00f0um sem varpa lj\u00f3si \u00e1 samhengi \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unarinnar, annars vegar skuldbindingum sem \u00cdsland hefur undirgengist um a\u00f0 draga \u00far samf\u00e9lagslosun fram til 2030 og hins vegar tekjum \u00edslenska r\u00edkisins af uppbo\u00f0i losunarheimilda \u00ed ETS-kerfinu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Skuldbindingar um a\u00f0 draga \u00far samf\u00e9lagslosun<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>Eins og nefnt var \u00ed s\u00ed\u00f0ustu grein eru ESB-r\u00edkin 27, auk \u00cdslands og Noregs, skuldbundin til a\u00f0 draga \u00far samf\u00e9lagslosun a\u00f0 tilteknu marki \u00e1 komandi \u00e1rum, innan svokalla\u00f0s <a href=\"http:\/\/EUR-Lex - 02018R0842-20230516 - EN - EUR-Lex(opens in a new tab)eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A02018R0842-20230516\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">kerfis um skiptingu \u00e1byrg\u00f0ar<\/a> (<span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"ESR: Effort Sharing Regulation\">ESR<\/span>) sem n\u00e6r me\u00f0al annars yfir losun vegna vegasamgangna, sj\u00e1var\u00fatvegs, landb\u00fana\u00f0ar, sm\u00e1i\u00f0na\u00f0ar og me\u00f0h\u00f6ndlunar \u00fargangs. Losunarm\u00f6rk r\u00edkjanna eru mismunandi og taka mi\u00f0 af efnahagsa\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um og \u00f3l\u00edkum t\u00e6kif\u00e6rum \u00feeirra til a\u00f0 draga \u00far losun. Samanlagt er losunarm\u00f6rkum allra 29 r\u00edkjanna \u00e6tla\u00f0 a\u00f0 tryggja 40% samdr\u00e1tt samf\u00e9lagslosunar \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu fram til \u00e1rsins 2030, mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00e1ri\u00f0 2005, sem er \u00e1fangamarkmi\u00f0 \u00ed \u00e1tt a\u00f0 kolefnishlutlausri Evr\u00f3pu \u00e1ri\u00f0 2050.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"highcharts-qno9MVZMC\"  class=\"highcharts-qno9MVZMC\"><script src=\"https:\/\/app.everviz.com\/inject\/qno9MVZMC\/\" defer=\"defer\"><\/script><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u00c1 \u00feessari mynd m\u00e1 sj\u00e1 a\u00f0 skuldbindingar r\u00edkja spanna allt fr\u00e1 10 til 50% samdr\u00e1ttarkr\u00f6fu fram til 2030, mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 2005. Til a\u00f0 takmarki\u00f0 n\u00e1ist \u00fearf samf\u00e9lagslosun hvers r\u00edkis a\u00f0 dragast saman me\u00f0 l\u00ednulegum h\u00e6tti \u00e1 t\u00edmabilinu 2021-2030. \u00c1 \u00feeim grundvelli f\u00e1 r\u00edkin \u00fathluta\u00f0 landsheimildum til losunar gr\u00f3\u00f0urh\u00fasalofttegunda (<span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Annual Emission Allocation\">AEA<\/span>) sem f\u00e6kkar j\u00f6fnum skrefum \u00e1r fr\u00e1 \u00e1ri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00fagildandi skuldbinding \u00cdslands hlj\u00f3\u00f0ar upp \u00e1 29% samdr\u00e1tt samf\u00e9lagslosunar fram til \u00e1rsins 2030, en tali\u00f0 er l\u00edklegt a\u00f0 samdr\u00e1ttarkrafan ver\u00f0i h\u00e6kku\u00f0 \u00ed um 40-41% \u00feegar <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:32023R0857\">n\u00fdleg breyting<\/a> \u00e1 regluger\u00f0 um skiptingu \u00e1byrg\u00f0ar ver\u00f0ur tekin upp \u00ed EES-samninginn. \u00c1rleg samdr\u00e1ttarkrafa \u00cdslands jafngildir n\u00fa 73.157 tonnum, en mun aukast nokku\u00f0 \u00feegar skuldbindingin ver\u00f0ur uppf\u00e6r\u00f0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00der\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 gert s\u00e9 r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir a\u00f0 r\u00edkin uppfylli \u00e1rlega samdr\u00e1ttarkr\u00f6fu \u2013 og dragi j\u00f6fnum skrefum \u00far samf\u00e9lagslosun \u2013 geta \u00feau n\u00fdtt \u00fdmiss konar \u00farr\u00e6\u00f0i, e\u00f0a svokalla\u00f0an sveigjanleika, til a\u00f0 uppfylla skuldbindingar s\u00ednar me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum h\u00e6tti. Til d\u00e6mis m\u00e1 flytja landsheimildir milli \u00e1ra t\u00edmabilsins og eiga vi\u00f0skipti me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r yfir landam\u00e6ri, auk \u00feess sem r\u00edkjum b\u00fd\u00f0st a\u00f0 b\u00f3kf\u00e6ra kolefnisbindingu \u00e1 m\u00f3ti samf\u00e9lagslosun, \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0eins a\u00f0 tilteknu marki (sj\u00e1 n\u00e1nar <a href=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/article\/lykilstadreyndir-um-kerfi-fyrir-samfelagslosun\/\">h\u00e9r<\/a>). S\u00ed\u00f0ast en ekki s\u00edst er nokkrum r\u00edkjum veitt takm\u00f6rku\u00f0 heimild til a\u00f0 n\u00fdta uppbo\u00f0sheimildir \u00far ETS-kerfinu til m\u00f3ts vi\u00f0 samf\u00e9lagslosun, eins og n\u00e1nar ver\u00f0ur viki\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00e1 eftir.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"highcharts-7kVKPCNeR\"  class=\"highcharts-7kVKPCNeR\"><script src=\"https:\/\/app.everviz.com\/inject\/7kVKPCNeR\/\" defer=\"defer\"><\/script><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Evr\u00f3pskar stofnanir fylgjast grannt me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed gegnum \u00e1rlega sk\u00fdrslugj\u00f6f r\u00edkjanna a\u00f0 \u00feau dragi \u00far samf\u00e9lagslosun \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 landsheimildir s\u00ednar. Formlegt uppgj\u00f6r vegna t\u00edmabilsins 2021-2030 fer fram tvisvar, fyrst \u00e1ri\u00f0 2027 vegna fyrri hlutans (2021-2025) og s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00e1ri\u00f0 2032 vegna s\u00ed\u00f0ari hlutans (2026-2030). Vi\u00f0 hvort uppgj\u00f6ri\u00f0 um sig ver\u00f0ur meti\u00f0 hvort r\u00edki hafi sta\u00f0ist \u00e1rlegar losunartakmarkanir, a\u00f0 teknu tilliti til sveigjanleikans sem vi\u00f0komandi r\u00edki hefur eftir atvikum n\u00fdtt s\u00e9r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tekjur \u00cdslands af s\u00f6lu uppbo\u00f0sheimilda<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00edkur n\u00fa s\u00f6gunni a\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0ru stj\u00f3rnkerfi ESB til a\u00f0 draga \u00far losun gr\u00f3\u00f0urh\u00fasalofttegunda, <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A02003L0087-20200101\">ETS-kerfinu<\/a>, sem n\u00e6r yfir losun fr\u00e1 orkuframlei\u00f0slu, \u00feungai\u00f0na\u00f0i, flugi og siglingum \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu (sj\u00e1 n\u00e1nar <a href=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/article\/lykilstadreyndir-um-ets\/\">h\u00e9r<\/a>). \u00cdsland hefur teki\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed kerfinu fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2013 og s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00fe\u00e1 hafa tiltekin fyrirt\u00e6ki h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi, einkum \u00e1 svi\u00f0i m\u00e1lmframlei\u00f0slu og flugrekstrar, veri\u00f0 skyldug til a\u00f0 afla losunarheimilda vegna losunar fr\u00e1 starfsemi sinni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hluta losunarheimildanna \u00ed ETS-kerfinu er \u00fathluta\u00f0 \u00e1n endurgjalds, en stefna ESB hefur lengi veri\u00f0 s\u00fa a\u00f0 me\u00f0 t\u00edmanum ver\u00f0i allar heimildir bo\u00f0nar upp. Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed flyst kostna\u00f0ur vegna losunar gr\u00f3\u00f0urh\u00fasalofttegunda af samf\u00e9laginu yfir \u00e1 mengunarvaldinn, \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"PPP: Polluter Pays Principle\">grei\u00f0slureglu<\/span> umhverfisr\u00e9ttarins. Stefnan er n\u00fa \u00feegar komin a\u00f0 fullu til framkv\u00e6mda fyrir raforkuframlei\u00f0endur, auk \u00feess sem flugrekendur og skipafyrirt\u00e6ki munu fr\u00e1 og me\u00f0 \u00e1rinu <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Vegna s\u00e9rstakrar heimildar \u00cdslands geta flugrekendur sem flj\u00faga til og fr\u00e1 \u00cdslandi \u00fe\u00f3, a\u00f0 tilteknum skilyr\u00f0um uppfylltum, fengi\u00f0 \u00fathluta\u00f0 endurgjaldslausum losunarheimildum \u00e1rin 2025 og 2026. Ver\u00f0i sl\u00edkum heimildum \u00fathluta\u00f0 mun samsvarandi fj\u00f6ldi losunarheimilda ekki ver\u00f0a bo\u00f0inn upp fyrir \u00cdslands h\u00f6nd \u00e1 sameiginlegum evr\u00f3pskum uppbo\u00f0svettvangi og \u00fev\u00ed ver\u00f0ur \u00edslenska r\u00edki\u00f0 af uppbo\u00f0stekjum sem \u00fev\u00ed nemur.\">2026<\/span> grei\u00f0a fyrir alla \u00fe\u00e1 losun sem heyrir undir kerfi\u00f0. Fyrir \u00e1lframlei\u00f0slu og fleiri greinar ver\u00f0ur stefnan hins vegar innleidd \u00ed \u00e1f\u00f6ngum \u00e1 n\u00e6sta \u00e1ratug. Samtals er n\u00fa um helmingur allra losunarheimilda kerfisins <a href=\"https:\/\/climate.ec.europa.eu\/eu-action\/eu-emissions-trading-system-eu-ets\/auctioning_en\">seldur \u00e1 uppbo\u00f0i<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uppbo\u00f0 losunarheimilda gefur e\u00f0li m\u00e1lsins samkv\u00e6mt af s\u00e9r umtalsver\u00f0ar tekjur, ekki s\u00edst \u00ed kj\u00f6lfar mikilla ver\u00f0h\u00e6kkana \u00e1 losunarheimildum \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1rum. Hluti \u00feessara tekna rennur til loftslagstengdra verkefna gegnum evr\u00f3pskt styrkjakerfi, me\u00f0al annars \u00far N\u00fdsk\u00f6punarsj\u00f3\u00f0i ESB, \u00fea\u00f0an sem Carbfix hlaut til d\u00e6mis <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carbfix.com\/is\/carbfix\">16 milljar\u00f0a kr\u00f3na styrk<\/a> \u00e1ri\u00f0 2022. St\u00f3rum hluta uppbo\u00f0sheimildanna er hins vegar skipt milli ESB-r\u00edkjanna, auk \u00cdslands og Noregs, \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 reiknireglur sem byggjast \u00e1 hlutdeild r\u00edkja \u00ed losun vi\u00f0komandi <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Me\u00f0 geirum er h\u00e9r \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 yfirflokka sem vi\u00f0skiptakerfi\u00f0 n\u00e6r til: a) sta\u00f0bundna starfsemi, b) flugrekstur, c) siglingar.\">geira<\/span> innan Evr\u00f3pu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cdsland \u00e1 \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 framangreint tilkall til hluta af uppbo\u00f0sheimildum \u00ed ETS-kerfinu og hefur \u00e1 t\u00edmabilinu 2013-2020 og \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed sem af er t\u00edmabilsins 2021-2030 fengi\u00f0 samtals 12-13 milljar\u00f0a kr\u00f3na \u00ed sinn hlut \u00far sameiginlegu uppbo\u00f0i Evr\u00f3pur\u00edkja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>ETS-sveigjanleikinn<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>En \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 ETS-sveigjanleikanum. Hva\u00f0 felur hann \u00ed s\u00e9r og hva\u00f0a \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu hefur \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un \u00edslenskra stj\u00f3rnvalda um a\u00f0 n\u00fdta hann? \u00cd stuttu m\u00e1li er um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a heimild nokkurra ESB-r\u00edkja, auk \u00cdslands og Noregs, til a\u00f0 flytja tiltekinn fj\u00f6lda uppbo\u00f0sheimilda sinna \u00far ETS-kerfinu yfir \u00ed kerfi um skiptingu \u00e1byrg\u00f0ar (ESR). \u00deannig geta \u00feau dregi\u00f0 h\u00e6gar \u00far samf\u00e9lagslosun en landsheimildir \u00feeirra kve\u00f0a \u00e1 um, en <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Afskr\u00e1ning \u00e1 uppbo\u00f0sheimildum \u00cdslands \u00ed ETS-kerfinu hefur takm\u00f6rku\u00f0 \u00e1hrif \u00e1 losun h\u00e9rlendis, enda er kerfi\u00f0 reki\u00f0 sem ein heild \u00e1 Evr\u00f3pska efnahagssv\u00e6\u00f0inu og \u00e1hrifin dreifast \u00fev\u00ed v\u00edtt og breitt um \u00e1lfuna.\">afskr\u00e1\u00f0<\/span> \u00feess \u00ed sta\u00f0 samsvarandi fj\u00f6lda losunarheimilda \u00ed ETS-kerfinu. Tilgangur sveigjanleikans er a\u00f0 au\u00f0velda r\u00edkjum me\u00f0 str\u00f6ng losunarm\u00f6rk og takmarka\u00f0a m\u00f6guleika \u00e1 hagkv\u00e6mum m\u00f3tv\u00e6gisa\u00f0ger\u00f0um a\u00f0 standast skuldbindingar s\u00ednar \u00e1 svi\u00f0i samf\u00e9lagslosunar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Heimildin b\u00fd\u00f0st samtals 11 r\u00edkjum. Auk \u00cdslands er um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a Noreg, Belg\u00edu, Danm\u00f6rk, \u00cdrland, L\u00faxemborg, M\u00f6ltu, Holland, Austurr\u00edki, Finnland og Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0. \u00d6llum \u00feessum r\u00edkjum bau\u00f0st a\u00f0 n\u00fdta uppbo\u00f0sheimildir s\u00ednar a\u00f0 marki sem jafngildir 2% af samf\u00e9lagslosun vi\u00f0komandi r\u00edkis \u00e1ri\u00f0 2005, nema \u00cdslandi, \u00cdrlandi og L\u00faxemborg sem bau\u00f0st a\u00f0 mi\u00f0a vi\u00f0 4% samf\u00e9lagslosunar, auk \u00feess sem Malta n\u00fdtur aukins svigr\u00fams til a\u00f0 n\u00fdta \u00farr\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" src=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/yasin-hm-zHK__gTTTds-unsplash-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-854\" srcset=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/yasin-hm-zHK__gTTTds-unsplash-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/yasin-hm-zHK__gTTTds-unsplash-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/yasin-hm-zHK__gTTTds-unsplash-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/yasin-hm-zHK__gTTTds-unsplash-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/yasin-hm-zHK__gTTTds-unsplash-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/yasin-hm-zHK__gTTTds-unsplash-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/yasin-hm-zHK__gTTTds-unsplash-1148x765.jpg 1148w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Engin skylda hv\u00edlir \u00e1 r\u00edkjunum a\u00f0 n\u00fdta sveigjanleikann, heldur bar \u00feeim a\u00f0 tilkynna framkv\u00e6mdastj\u00f3rn ESB (ESA \u00ed tilviki \u00cdslands og Noregs) fyrir tiltekinn t\u00edma hvort \u00feau hyg\u00f0ust n\u00fdta hann og a\u00f0 hve miklu leyti. \u00c1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unin er tekin fyrirfram fyrir allt t\u00edmabili\u00f0 2021-2030, en r\u00edkjum gefst \u00fe\u00f3 kostur \u00e1 a\u00f0 endursko\u00f0a hana tvisvar, fyrst fyrir 31. desember 2024 og aftur fyrir 31. desember 2027.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cdsland <a href=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Iceland_notificaton_ETS_flex_March_2020.pdf\" data-type=\"attachment\" data-id=\"857\">tilkynnti \u00ed mars 2020<\/a> a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hyg\u00f0ist n\u00fdta sveigjanleikann a\u00f0 fullu, \u00fe.e. upp a\u00f0 marki sem jafngildir 4% af samf\u00e9lagslosun h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi \u00e1ri\u00f0 2005. Sj\u00f6 \u00f6nnur r\u00edki tilkynntu einnig um fulln\u00fdtingu sveigjanleikans. Belg\u00eda \u00e1kva\u00f0 hins vegar a\u00f0 n\u00fdta hann a\u00f0 hluta (1,89%) og tv\u00f6 r\u00edki, Holland og Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0, \u00e1kv\u00e1\u00f0u a\u00f0 n\u00fdta hann ekki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u00c1hrif ETS-sveigjanleikans \u00e1 losunarskuldbindingar \u00cdslands<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00de\u00f3tt 4% af losun \u00e1rsins 2005 kunni a\u00f0 hlj\u00f3ma eins og l\u00edtil st\u00e6r\u00f0 hefur heimildin sem felst \u00ed ETS-sveigjanleikanum umtalsver\u00f0 \u00e1hrif \u00e1 st\u00f6\u00f0u \u00cdslands \u00e1 t\u00edmabilinu 2021-2030, enda er um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1rlega heimild sem helst \u00f3breytt \u00fat t\u00edmabili\u00f0 (ver\u00f0i \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unin ekki endursko\u00f0u\u00f0). Me\u00f0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eftasurv.int\/cms\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/gopro\/College%20Decision%20204%2021%20COL%20-%20Determination%20of%20the%20Annual%20Emissions%20Allocations.pdf\">\u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un ESA<\/a> \u00ed j\u00fal\u00ed 2021 var sta\u00f0fest a\u00f0 heimildin samsvari  <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Vi\u00f0 \u00fatreikning \u00e1 heimildinni var lagt til grundvallar a\u00f0 samf\u00e9lagslosun \u00cdslands hafi veri\u00f0 3.109.329 tonn \u00e1ri\u00f0 2005.\">124.373<\/span> tonnum \u00e1 hverju \u00e1ri t\u00edmabilsins 2021-2030.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum or\u00f0um: \u00cdsland m\u00e1 r\u00e1\u00f0stafa 124.373 af uppbo\u00f0sheimildum s\u00ednum \u00ed ETS-kerfinu til m\u00f3tv\u00e6gis vi\u00f0 samf\u00e9lagslosun \u00e1 \u00e1ri hverju. \u00deetta jafngildir <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">n\u00e6stum tv\u00f6falt meiri losun en felst \u00ed n\u00faverandi kr\u00f6fu um \u00e1rlegan samdr\u00e1tt upp \u00e1 73.157 tonn.<\/span> \u00d3h\u00e6tt er \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 segja a\u00f0 fulln\u00fdting ETS-sveigjanleikans dragi verulega \u00far \u00fer\u00fdstingi \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld um a\u00f0 minnka samf\u00e9lagslosun h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi. \u00de\u00f3tt endanlegar t\u00f6lur liggi ekki fyrir er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00feetta mun einnig eiga vi\u00f0 eftir a\u00f0 skuldbinding \u00cdslands ver\u00f0ur aukin \u00far 29% samdr\u00e1ttarkr\u00f6fu upp \u00ed 40-41%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u00c1hrif ETS-sveigjanleikans \u00e1 tekjur \u00cdslands af s\u00f6lu uppbo\u00f0sheimilda<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>Hin hli\u00f0 peningsins er s\u00fa a\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 n\u00fdta ETS-sveigjanleikann til fulls hefur \u00cdsland afsala\u00f0 s\u00e9r tekjum sem annars hef\u00f0u hlotist af uppbo\u00f0i 124.373 losunarheimilda \u00e1 \u00e1ri fr\u00e1 og me\u00f0 \u00e1rinu 2021. Samkv\u00e6mt uppl\u00fdsingum sem vi\u00f0 fengum fr\u00e1 fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0uneytinu hefur \u00feetta leitt til \u00e1rlegrar eftirgjafar \u00e1 um 1,4 milljar\u00f0a kr\u00f3na tekjum \u00e1 \u00e1runum 2021, 2022 og 2023. \u00c1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un \u00cdslands um a\u00f0 n\u00fdta sveigjanleikann gildir a\u00f0 minnsta kosti \u00fat \u00e1ri\u00f0 2025. Ef mi\u00f0a\u00f0 er vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 fj\u00e1rh\u00e6\u00f0in ver\u00f0i s\u00fa sama fyrir \u00e1rin 2024 og 2025 er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 r\u00edkissj\u00f3\u00f0ur mun ver\u00f0a af <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">samanlagt um 7 milljar\u00f0a kr\u00f3na tekjum<\/span> \u00e1 t\u00edmabilinu 2021-2025 vegna \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unarinnar um a\u00f0 n\u00fdta sveigjanleikann. Tekjum sem hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 n\u00fdta \u00ed a\u00f0 draga \u00far losun h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi, me\u00f0 hli\u00f0ar\u00e1vinningi \u00e1 bor\u00f0 vi\u00f0 b\u00e6tt loftg\u00e6\u00f0i, betri l\u00fd\u00f0heilsu, atvinnusk\u00f6pun og gjaldeyrissparna\u00f0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Hvernig var \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unin tekin?<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cd lj\u00f3si \u00feess hversu mikla hagsmuni er um a\u00f0 tefla vaknar s\u00fa spurning hva\u00f0 hafi legi\u00f0 a\u00f0 baki \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un stj\u00f3rnvalda \u00ed mars 2020 um a\u00f0 n\u00fdta ETS-sveigjanleikann til fulls? Voru fulln\u00e6gjandi greiningar fyrir hendi og hvernig var sta\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 kynningu \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unarinnar, me\u00f0al annars \u00ed r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rn og \u00e1 Al\u00feingi? \u00deessum spurningum er ekki au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 svara enda eru afar takmarka\u00f0ar uppl\u00fdsingar um m\u00e1li\u00f0 a\u00f0gengilegar \u00ed opinberum g\u00f6gnum. Ekki ver\u00f0ur til d\u00e6mis s\u00e9\u00f0 a\u00f0 minnst s\u00e9 \u00e1 \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unina \u00e1 uppl\u00fdsingas\u00ed\u00f0um stj\u00f3rnvalda um skuldbindingar \u00cdslands \u00ed loftslagsm\u00e1lum. Ekki var heldur minnst \u00e1 \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unina \u00ed a\u00f0ger\u00f0a\u00e1\u00e6tlun stj\u00f3rnvalda \u00ed loftslagsm\u00e1lum sem kom \u00fat \u00ed j\u00fan\u00ed \u00e1ri\u00f0 2020, \u00feremur m\u00e1nu\u00f0um eftir a\u00f0 umhverfis-, orku- og loftslagsr\u00e1\u00f0uneyti\u00f0 sendi ESA tilkynningu um fulln\u00fdtingu sveigjanleikans. Vi\u00f0 \u00f3sku\u00f0um n\u00fdlega eftir g\u00f6gnum tengdum \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0uninni fr\u00e1 umhverfis-, orku- og loftslagsr\u00e1\u00f0uneyti, fj\u00e1rm\u00e1la- og efnahagsr\u00e1\u00f0uneyti og utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0uneyti. Fyrir utan framangreinda tilkynningu til ESA og <a href=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/16.11.2023-Minnisblad-Nyting-losunarheimilda-gagnvart-loftslagsskuldbindingum-i-samraemi-vid-ETS-sve-1.pdf\" data-type=\"attachment\" data-id=\"856\">minnisbla\u00f0<\/a>&nbsp;sem umhverfis-, orku- og loftslagsr\u00e1\u00f0uneyti sendi fj\u00e1rlaganefnd Al\u00feingis \u00ed n\u00f3vember s\u00ed\u00f0astli\u00f0num, reyndust&nbsp;engin skj\u00f6l e\u00f0a minnisbl\u00f6\u00f0 fyrirliggjandi hj\u00e1 stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ldum var\u00f0andi \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" src=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/jonatan-pie-7FfG8zcPcXU-unsplash-1024x684.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-851\" srcset=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/jonatan-pie-7FfG8zcPcXU-unsplash-1024x684.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/jonatan-pie-7FfG8zcPcXU-unsplash-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/jonatan-pie-7FfG8zcPcXU-unsplash-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/jonatan-pie-7FfG8zcPcXU-unsplash-1536x1026.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/jonatan-pie-7FfG8zcPcXU-unsplash-2048x1368.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/jonatan-pie-7FfG8zcPcXU-unsplash-1145x765.jpg 1145w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Umfj\u00f6llun um m\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00e1 Al\u00feingi<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rsjaldan vir\u00f0ist hafa veri\u00f0 minnst \u00e1 \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unina \u00e1 Al\u00feingi. \u00dea\u00f0 ger\u00f0ist \u00fe\u00f3 \u00feegar fj\u00e1rlagafrumvarp \u00e1rsins 2023 var til me\u00f0fer\u00f0ar \u00e1 Al\u00feingi hausti\u00f0 2022, en \u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.althingi.is\/altext\/pdf\/153\/s\/0001.pdf\">greinarger\u00f0 frumvarpsins<\/a> (kafla 4.4) er a\u00f0 finna stutta l\u00fdsingu \u00e1 ETS-sveigjanleikanum og \u00feeirri sker\u00f0ingu \u00e1 tekjum r\u00edkissj\u00f3\u00f0s sem n\u00fdting hans hefur \u00ed f\u00f6r me\u00f0 s\u00e9r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00e1li\u00f0 var s\u00ed\u00f0an teki\u00f0 til umfj\u00f6llunar \u00ed fj\u00e1rlaganefnd milli annarrar og \u00feri\u00f0ju umr\u00e6\u00f0u um fj\u00e1rlagafrumvarpi\u00f0. Vi\u00f0 afgrei\u00f0slu m\u00e1lsins \u00far nefndinni b\u00e6tti meirihluti hennar <a href=\"https:\/\/www.althingi.is\/altext\/153\/s\/0818.html\">inn \u00ed frumvarpi\u00f0<\/a> heimild fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0herra til a\u00f0 leyfa, \u00ed samr\u00e1\u00f0i vi\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0herra loftslagsm\u00e1la, r\u00e1\u00f0st\u00f6fun \u00e1 uppbo\u00f0sheimildum r\u00edkisins til m\u00f3ts vi\u00f0 skuldbindingar \u00cdslands um samdr\u00e1tt samf\u00e9lagslosunar. \u00cd me\u00f0fylgjandi <a href=\"https:\/\/www.althingi.is\/altext\/153\/s\/0814.html\">nefndar\u00e1liti<\/a> fr\u00e1 14. desember 2022 kemur fram a\u00f0 me\u00f0 heimildinni \u201eyr\u00f0i m\u00f6gulegt\u201c a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0stafa \u00f3seldum heimildum \u00cdslands til m\u00f3ts vi\u00f0 skuldbindingar \u00cdslands, en a\u00f0 afla\u00f0 ver\u00f0i tekju- og gjaldheimildar fyrir r\u00e1\u00f0st\u00f6funinni \u201eef til \u00feess [k\u00e6mi] a\u00f0 heimildin [yr\u00f0i] n\u00fdtt\u201c. Erfitt er a\u00f0 \u00e1tta sig \u00e1 \u00feessu or\u00f0alagi meirihluta fj\u00e1rlaganefndar, s\u00e9rstaklega \u00ed lj\u00f3si \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un um n\u00fdtingu heimildarinnar var, sem fyrr segir, tilkynnt ESA formlega \u00ed mars 2020. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ungir umhverfissinnar v\u00f6ktu m\u00e1ls \u00e1 ETS-sveigjanleikanum \u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.althingi.is\/altext\/erindi\/153\/153-821.pdf\">ums\u00f6gn<\/a> sinni um fj\u00e1rlagafrumvarpi\u00f0 2023 og bentu \u00e1 a\u00f0 me\u00f0 honum skapa\u00f0ist h\u00e6tta \u00e1 a\u00f0 dregi\u00f0 yr\u00f0i \u00far metna\u00f0i vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 draga \u00far samf\u00e9lagslosun \u00e1 \u00cdslandi. Einnig var fjalla\u00f0 um m\u00e1li\u00f0 \u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.visir.is\/g\/20222353005d\/rikid-geti-maett-losunar-skuld-bindingum-med-thvi-ad-nyta-heimildir-vegna-stor-idju\">fr\u00e9tt \u00e1 V\u00edsi 15. desember 2022<\/a>. \u00cd fr\u00e9ttinni er viki\u00f0 a\u00f0 gagnr\u00fdni b\u00e6\u00f0i Ungra umhverfissinna og Andr\u00e9sar Inga J\u00f3nssonar, \u00feingmanns, var\u00f0andi \u00feann skamma t\u00edma sem gafst til a\u00f0 fjalla um till\u00f6gu fj\u00e1rlaganefndar, en h\u00fan var l\u00f6g\u00f0 fram a\u00f0eins tveimur d\u00f6gum \u00e1\u00f0ur en fj\u00e1rlagafrumvarpi\u00f0 var afgreitt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A\u00f0 \u00fdta vandanum \u00e1 undan s\u00e9r og fela \u00f6\u00f0rum a\u00f0 leysa hann<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00der\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 \u00fdmislegt \u00feokist \u00ed r\u00e9tta \u00e1tt \u00ed loftslagsm\u00e1lum \u00e1 heimsv\u00edsu l\u00e1ta m\u00f6rg r\u00edki, ekki s\u00edst au\u00f0ug r\u00edki, enn undan tvenns konar freistingum: Annars vegar a\u00f0 hinkra alltaf \u00f6gn lengur me\u00f0 a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir sem l\u00f6ngu er vi\u00f0urkennt a\u00f0 s\u00e9u \u00f3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milegar, og \u00fea\u00f0 yfirleitt me\u00f0 v\u00edsun til \u00feess a\u00f0 a\u00f0ger\u00f0irnar s\u00e9u of \u00feungb\u00e6rar n\u00faverandi skattgrei\u00f0endum. R\u00edki eru \u00fe\u00f3 \u00ed auknum m\u00e6li farin a\u00f0 reka sig \u00e1 lagalegar fyrirst\u00f6\u00f0ur fyrir \u00feessari stefnu; til d\u00e6mis komst stj\u00f3rnlagad\u00f3mst\u00f3ll \u00de\u00fdskalands a\u00f0 \u00feeirri <a href=\"https:\/\/climatecasechart.com\/non-us-case\/neubauer-et-al-v-germany\/\">ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u<\/a> \u00e1ri\u00f0 2021 a\u00f0 me\u00f0 of veikum loftslagsmarkmi\u00f0um fram til 2030 hef\u00f0i l\u00f6ggjafinn \u00fear \u00ed landi lagt \u00f3h\u00f3flegar byr\u00f0ar \u00e1 komandi kynsl\u00f3\u00f0ir, \u00ed andst\u00f6\u00f0u vi\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fe\u00fdsku stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rinnar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hin freistingin felst \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 r\u00edki setji s\u00e9r h\u00e1leit markmi\u00f0 \u00ed loftslagsm\u00e1lum \u00e1 bla\u00f0i, en leiti s\u00ed\u00f0an margv\u00edslegra lei\u00f0a til a\u00f0 \u00fatvista sem mestu af a\u00f0ger\u00f0unum til annarra r\u00edkja. B\u00e6\u00f0i <a href=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/eng\/business\/switzerland-leads-the-way-in-carbon-offsets-raising-questions\/49130514\">Sviss<\/a> og <a href=\"https:\/\/cicero.oslo.no\/en\/articles\/climate-neutrality-the-norwegian-way-carbon-trading\">Noregur<\/a> s\u00e6ta til d\u00e6mis gagnr\u00fdni fyrir a\u00f0 rei\u00f0a sig \u00ed t\u00f6luver\u00f0um m\u00e6li \u00e1 kaup \u00e1 kolefniseiningum fr\u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum r\u00edkjum til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 eigin markmi\u00f0um, \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 leggja \u00e1herslu \u00e1 a\u00f0 draga \u00far losun heima fyrir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/matt-hardy-6ArTTluciuA-unsplash-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-382\" srcset=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/matt-hardy-6ArTTluciuA-unsplash-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/matt-hardy-6ArTTluciuA-unsplash-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/matt-hardy-6ArTTluciuA-unsplash-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/matt-hardy-6ArTTluciuA-unsplash-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/matt-hardy-6ArTTluciuA-unsplash-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/matt-hardy-6ArTTluciuA-unsplash-1148x765.jpg 1148w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Hver er stefna \u00cdslands \u00ed loftslagsm\u00e1lum?<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>Eins og fram kom \u00ed s\u00ed\u00f0ustu grein okkar hefur \u00cdsland sett s\u00e9r ein metna\u00f0arfyllstu loftslagsmarkmi\u00f0 heims, me\u00f0al annars um a\u00f0 n\u00e1 kolefnishlutleysi og fullum orkuskiptum \u00e1ri\u00f0 2040. Allt hlj\u00f3mar \u00feetta vel \u00e1 bla\u00f0i, en \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0um til a\u00f0 efast um tr\u00faver\u00f0ugleika markmi\u00f0anna fer hins vegar st\u00f6\u00f0ugt fj\u00f6lgandi. Markvissar a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir skortir til a\u00f0 draga \u00far losun, eftirfylgni me\u00f0 a\u00f0ger\u00f0um er verulega \u00e1b\u00f3tavant og bi\u00f0in eftir n\u00fdrri og raunh\u00e6fari a\u00f0ger\u00f0a\u00e1\u00e6tlun lengist st\u00f6\u00f0ugt. \u00dea\u00f0 sem ekki s\u00edst dregur \u00far tr\u00faver\u00f0ugleikanum er skortur \u00e1 uppl\u00fdsingum um hva\u00f0 felst \u00ed raun og veru \u00ed fyrir\u00e6tlunum stj\u00f3rnvalda. Markmi\u00f0 um kolefnishlutleysi hefur til d\u00e6mis enn ekki veri\u00f0 \u00fatf\u00e6rt, sex og h\u00e1lfu \u00e1ri eftir a\u00f0 r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnin l\u00fdsti \u00fev\u00ed yfir. Me\u00f0al \u00feess sem enn er \u00f3lj\u00f3st er hvort markmi\u00f0inu ver\u00f0i a\u00f0 \u00f6llu leyti n\u00e1\u00f0 innan \u00edslenskrar l\u00f6gs\u00f6gu e\u00f0a me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 kaupa&nbsp;kolefniseiningar&nbsp;af \u00f6\u00f0rum r\u00edkjum. \u00dea\u00f0 getur \u00fev\u00ed veri\u00f0 fl\u00f3ki\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00e1tta sig \u00e1 raunverulegri stefnu stj\u00f3rnvalda \u00ed m\u00e1laflokknum. Stendur \u00ed reynd til a\u00f0 draga hr\u00f6\u00f0um skrefum \u00far losun h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi e\u00f0a hafa stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld falli\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1 freistni a\u00f0 \u00fdta vandanum \u00e1 undan s\u00e9r og fela \u00f6\u00f0rum a\u00f0 leysa hann?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unin sem h\u00e9r er til umfj\u00f6llunar, um a\u00f0 fulln\u00fdta ETS-sveigjanleikann, vir\u00f0ist til marks um hi\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0arnefnda. Me\u00f0 henni hafa stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld vali\u00f0 a\u00f0 draga eins og kostur er \u00far pressu \u00e1 a\u00f0 minnka samf\u00e9lagslosun h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi, sem vands\u00e9\u00f0 er hvernig f\u00e6rir \u00cdsland n\u00e6r sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0um markmi\u00f0um s\u00ednum um 55% samdr\u00e1tt samf\u00e9lagslosunar \u00e1ri\u00f0 2030 og kolefnishlutleysi \u00e1ri\u00f0 2040. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ef g\u00f3\u00f0ar \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ur liggja fyrir \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0uninni um a\u00f0 n\u00fdta ETS-sveigjanleikann eru stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld h\u00e9r me\u00f0 hv\u00f6tt til \u00feess a\u00f0 sk\u00fdra \u00fe\u00e6r \u00fat fyrir almenningi. Ef ekki, er sannarlega \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 n\u00fdta gluggann sem opnast \u00e1 \u00feessu \u00e1ri til a\u00f0 endursko\u00f0a \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><em>Reykjav\u00edk 2.4.2024. Hrafnhildur Bragad\u00f3ttir og Birna Sigr\u00fan Hallsd\u00f3ttir.<\/em><\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cdslensk stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld t\u00f3ku \u00e1ri\u00f0 2020 \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un a\u00f0 n\u00fdta svokalla\u00f0an ETS-sveigjanleika til m\u00f3ts vi\u00f0 samf\u00e9lagslosun. N\u00fdting sveigjanleikans dregur \u00far \u00fer\u00fdstingi um a\u00f0 draga \u00far losun gr\u00f3\u00f0urh\u00fasalofttegunda h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi \u00e1 sama t\u00edma og \u00cdsland afsalar s\u00e9r milljar\u00f0atekjum af s\u00f6lu uppbo\u00f0sheimilda \u2013 tekjum sem hef\u00f0u geta\u00f0 n\u00fdst til a\u00f0 fj\u00e1rmagna innlendar loftslagsa\u00f0ger\u00f0ir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":361,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-830","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-greinar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/830","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=830"}],"version-history":[{"count":39,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/830\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":915,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/830\/revisions\/915"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/361"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=830"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=830"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/greinar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=830"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}