{"id":191,"date":"2021-02-28T00:07:54","date_gmt":"2021-02-28T00:07:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/?post_type=article&#038;p=191"},"modified":"2024-04-08T11:21:50","modified_gmt":"2024-04-08T11:21:50","slug":"lykilstadreyndir-um-kerfi-fyrir-samfelagslosun","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/article\/lykilstadreyndir-um-kerfi-fyrir-samfelagslosun\/","title":{"rendered":"Lykilsta\u00f0reyndir um ESR og landnotkunarkerfi\u00f0"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-in-data-column-and-sticky\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-content\/uploads\/ESR-sveigjanl.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1012\" height=\"391\" src=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-content\/uploads\/ESR-sveigjanl.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-868\" srcset=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-content\/uploads\/ESR-sveigjanl.png 1012w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-content\/uploads\/ESR-sveigjanl-300x116.png 300w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-content\/uploads\/ESR-sveigjanl-768x297.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1012px) 100vw, 1012px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Sveigjanleiki innan kerfisins um skiptingu \u00e1byrg\u00f0ar.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Kerfi um skiptingu \u00e1byrg\u00f0ar (<span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Effort Sharing Regulation\">ESR<\/span>)<\/strong> tekur til samf\u00e9lagslosunar, \u00fe.e.a.s. til annarrar losunar en \u00feeirrar sem fellur undir vi\u00f0skiptakerfi me\u00f0 losunarheimildir (ETS), sem sagt fr\u00e1 heimilum, \u00fej\u00f3nustu, samg\u00f6ngum, landb\u00fana\u00f0i, sj\u00e1var\u00fatvegi, sm\u00e1i\u00f0na\u00f0i og \u00fargangi. Markmi\u00f0 ESB er a\u00f0 draga \u00far \u00feessari losun um 40% til 2030 mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00e1ri\u00f0 <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 var a\u00f0 draga \u00far samf\u00e9lagslosun um 10% fyrir \u00e1ri\u00f0 2020. Fyrra markmi\u00f0 um samdr\u00e1tt var 30% til 2030 mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00e1ri\u00f0 2005, en \u00fev\u00ed markmi\u00f0i var breytt \u00ed 40% \u00ed takt vi\u00f0 uppf\u00e6rt landsframlag ESB til Par\u00edsarsamningsins \u00e1ri\u00f0 2020.\">2005<\/span>. <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"\u00cd kerfi um skiptingu \u00e1byrg\u00f0ar er markmi\u00f0 um losunarsamdr\u00e1tt \u00e1kvar\u00f0a\u00f0 fyrir ESB-r\u00edkin \u00ed heild og s\u00ed\u00f0an fastsett hva\u00f0 hvert a\u00f0ildarr\u00edki \u00fearf a\u00f0 leggja fram til a\u00f0 sameiginlega markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 n\u00e1ist. \u00c1byrg\u00f0inni er \u00feannig skipt \u00e1 milli r\u00edkjanna og er \u00fea\u00f0 gert \u00ed anda sameiginlegrar en mismunandi \u00e1byrg\u00f0ar (e. common but differentiated responsibilities).\">R\u00edkjum<\/span> er \u00fathluta\u00f0ur \u00e1kve\u00f0inn fj\u00f6ldi <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"AEA: Annual Emission Allocations.\">AEA<\/span>-heimilda sem minnkar l\u00ednulega \u00e1 t\u00edmabilinu 2021-2030 og er \u00fathlutunin fyrir hvert r\u00edki <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"\u00c1rleg \u00fathlutun hvers r\u00edkis kemur fram \u00ed \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un ESB nr. 2020\/2126.\">\u00e1kve\u00f0in<\/span> \u00fat fr\u00e1 hagvexti \u00e1 \u00edb\u00faa og t\u00e6kif\u00e6rum og kostna\u00f0i vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 draga \u00far losun \u00ed vi\u00f0komandi landi. Efnahagsleg r\u00f6k liggja a\u00f0 baki \u00feeirri a\u00f0fer\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i a\u00f0 setja markmi\u00f0 fyrir samf\u00e9lagslosun \u00ed heild \u00ed sta\u00f0 s\u00e9rstakra undirmarkmi\u00f0a fyrir hvern losunargeira. \u00deannig getur hvert r\u00edki \u00fatf\u00e6rt s\u00edna a\u00f0ger\u00f0a\u00e1\u00e6tlun \u00ed loftslagsm\u00e1lum \u00e1 \u00feann h\u00e1tt a\u00f0 sem mestur \u00e1rangur n\u00e1ist \u00ed takti vi\u00f0 efnahagslegar, samf\u00e9lagslegar og p\u00f3lit\u00edskar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur heima fyrir. \u00ddmsar reglur ESB sty\u00f0ja \u00fe\u00f3 vi\u00f0 a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjanna (t.d. regluger\u00f0 um F-g\u00f6s, tilskipun um orkun\u00fdtni bygginga, kold\u00edox\u00ed\u00f0slosunarsta\u00f0lar fyrir f\u00f3lks- og sendib\u00edla o.fl.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nokkrar sta\u00f0reyndir um kerfi\u00f0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00de\u00e1tttakendur eru Evr\u00f3pusambandsr\u00edkin <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Bretland er gengi\u00f0 \u00far Evr\u00f3pusambandinu og mun ekki taka \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed kerfinu fr\u00e1 og me\u00f0 \u00e1rinu 2021 en t\u00f3k \u00fe\u00e1tt fr\u00e1 2013 til 2020.\">27<\/span>&nbsp;, <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"\u00cdsland t\u00f3k \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed kerfinu \u00e1 t\u00edmabilinu 2013-2020 en \u00fe\u00f3 var \u00fatf\u00e6rslan gagnvart \u00cdslandi fr\u00e1brug\u00f0in \u00fatf\u00e6rslunni gagnvart a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkjum ESB (sj\u00e1 n\u00e1nar \u00ed kafla um skuldbindingar \u00cdslands).\">\u00cdsland<\/span> og <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Noregur t\u00f3k ekki \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed kerfinu \u00e1 t\u00edmabilinu 2013-2020. \u00cdsland og Noregur taka fullan \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed kerfinu fr\u00e1 2021-2030.\">Noregur<\/span>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kerfi\u00f0 n\u00e6r til um 60% af losun gr\u00f3\u00f0urh\u00fasalofttegunda innan Evr\u00f3pu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kerfi\u00f0 er kv\u00f3takerfi sem felur \u00ed s\u00e9r \u00fathlutun \u00e1kve\u00f0ins fj\u00f6lda heimilda (sem kalla m\u00e1 AEA-heimildir) til einstakra r\u00edkja \u00fat fr\u00e1 tilteknum reiknireglum sem taka tillit til hagvaxtar \u00ed vi\u00f0komandi r\u00edki og m\u00f6guleikum \u00feess til a\u00f0 gr\u00edpa til kostna\u00f0arhagkv\u00e6mra a\u00f0ger\u00f0a til a\u00f0 draga \u00far losun. Fj\u00f6ldi AEA-heimilda minnkar l\u00ednulega \u00e1 t\u00edmabilinu 2021-2030.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sj\u00f6 gr\u00f3\u00f0urh\u00fasalofttegundir heyra undir kerfi\u00f0: kold\u00edox\u00ed\u00f0 (CO<sub>2<\/sub>), metan (CH<sub>4<\/sub>), gla\u00f0loft (N<sub>2<\/sub>O), vetnisfl\u00faorkolefni (HFC), perfl\u00faorkolefni (PFC), brennisteinshexafl\u00faor\u00ed\u00f0 (SF<sub>6<\/sub>) og k\u00f6fnunarefnistr\u00edfl\u00faor\u00ed\u00f0 (NF<sub>3<\/sub>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>R\u00edkjum n\u00e6gir ekki a\u00f0 standa vi\u00f0 losunarm\u00f6rkin \u00e1ri\u00f0 2030, heldur er \u00feeim skylt a\u00f0 n\u00e1 tilgreindu takmarki (sem samsvarar fj\u00f6lda AEA-heimilda vi\u00f0komandi \u00e1rs) \u00e1 hverju \u00e1ri t\u00edmabilsins 2021-2030. \u00deau hafa \u00fe\u00f3 tiltekinn sveigjanleika til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 markmi\u00f0um s\u00ednum:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00cd fyrsta lagi m\u00e1 <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"\u00deessi flutningur nefnist \u00e1 ensku \u201ebanking and borrowing\u201c , \u00fe.e. \u201ebanking\u201c \u00feegar \u00f3n\u00fdttar AEA-heimildir eru fluttar me\u00f0 skilyr\u00f0um milli \u00e1ra til n\u00fdtingar s\u00ed\u00f0ar \u00e1 t\u00edmabilinu og \u201eborrowing\u201c \u00feegar AEA-heimildir n\u00e6sta \u00e1rs eru fluttar yfir \u00e1 vi\u00f0komandi \u00e1r (\u00fe.e. n\u00fdttar fyrirfram).\">flytja<\/span> \u00e1kve\u00f0inn fj\u00f6lda AEA-heimilda milli \u00e1ra. \u00c1 t\u00edmabilinu 2021-2025 m\u00e1 \u00e1 hverju \u00e1ri flytja 7,5% af AEA-heimildum n\u00e6sta \u00e1rs yfir \u00e1 vi\u00f0komandi \u00e1r (\u00fe.e. n\u00fdta heimildirnar fyrirfram) en \u00e1 t\u00edmabilinu 2026-2029 minnkar \u00feetta hlutfall ni\u00f0ur \u00ed 5%. Eins m\u00e1 flytja hluta \u00f3n\u00fdttra AEA-heimilda yfir \u00e1 n\u00e6sta \u00e1r til n\u00fdtingar s\u00ed\u00f0ar \u00e1 t\u00edmabilinu. \u00deetta hlutfall samsvarar 75% af AEA-heimildum \u00e1ri\u00f0 2021 og 25% \u00e1rin 2022-2029.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00cd \u00f6\u00f0ru lagi er r\u00edkjum heimilt a\u00f0 eiga vi\u00f0skipti me\u00f0 \u00f3nota\u00f0ar AEA-heimildir. \u00c1 \u00e1runum 2021-2025 mega r\u00edki framselja allt a\u00f0 10% af AEA-heimildum s\u00ednum til annarra r\u00edkja, sem geta \u00fe\u00e1 n\u00fdtt \u00fe\u00e6r \u00ed s\u00ednu uppgj\u00f6ri. \u00deetta hlutfall h\u00e6kkar \u00ed 15% \u00e1 \u00e1runum 2026-2030. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nokkrum r\u00edkjum (<span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"\u00deessi r\u00edki eru: Austurr\u00edki (2%), Belg\u00eda (mun n\u00fdta 1,89%; leyfilegt h\u00e1mark var 2%), Danm\u00f6rk (2%), Finnland (2%), Holland (mun ekki n\u00fdta s\u00edna heimild sem var 2%), \u00cdrland (4%), \u00cdsland (4%), L\u00faxemborg (4%), Malta (h\u00e1marki\u00f0 var h\u00e6kka\u00f0 \u00far 2% \u00ed 7%), Noregur (2%) og Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 (mun ekki n\u00fdta s\u00edna heimild sem var 2%).\">11<\/span> af 29), \u00fe.\u00e1 m. <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Heimild \u00cdsland samsvarar 124.373 tonnum \u00e1 \u00e1ri \u00e1 t\u00edmabilinu 2021-2030.\">\u00cdslandi<\/span>, er heimilt a\u00f0 n\u00fdta uppbo\u00f0sheimildir \u00ed ETS-kerfinu (EUA-heimildir) til a\u00f0 uppfylla skuldbindingar s\u00ednar. Tilgangurinn er a\u00f0 au\u00f0velda r\u00edkjum me\u00f0 str\u00f6ng losunarm\u00f6rk og takmarka\u00f0a m\u00f6guleika \u00e1 hagkv\u00e6mum a\u00f0ger\u00f0um til a\u00f0 draga \u00far losun a\u00f0 standast skuldbindingar s\u00ednar. Fj\u00f6ldi EUA-heimilda sem <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Vi\u00f0komandi r\u00edki afsala s\u00e9r \u00fear me\u00f0 \u00e1 m\u00f3ti \u00feeim tekjum sem annars hef\u00f0u hlotist af uppbo\u00f0i \u00feessara heimilda.\">n\u00fdta<\/span> m\u00e1 \u00ed \u00feessum tilgangi takmarkast anna\u00f0 hvort vi\u00f0 2% e\u00f0a <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Malta f\u00e6r a\u00f0 n\u00fdta 7% fyrir \u00e1rin 2025 til 2030.\">4%<\/span> af samf\u00e9lagslosun vi\u00f0komandi r\u00edkis \u00e1ri\u00f0 2005.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>R\u00edki mega <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Heimild \u00cdsland samsvarar 200.000 tonnum \u00e1 t\u00edmabilinu 2021-2030, e\u00f0a 20.000 tonnum \u00e1 \u00e1ri.\">b\u00f3kf\u00e6ra<\/span> kolefnisbindingu \u00e1 m\u00f3ti eigin losun upp a\u00f0 tilteknu marki a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed gefnu a\u00f0 \u00feau uppfylli skuldbindingar s\u00ednar skv. landnotkunarkerfinu (sj\u00e1 n\u00e1nar \u00ed umfj\u00f6llun um landnotkunarkerfi\u00f0). S\u00e9 losun vegna landnotkunar meiri en sem nemur skuldbindingum r\u00edkja \u00ed landnotkunarkerfinu \u00feurfa \u00feau a\u00f0 n\u00fdta AEA-heimildir til a\u00f0 uppfylla skuldbindingarnar (e\u00f0a kaupa bindingar\u00e1vinning af \u00f6\u00f0rum r\u00edkjum).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fylgst er me\u00f0 \u00e1rlegri st\u00f6\u00f0u a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkja gagnvart skuldbindingum s\u00ednum. Ef tilteki\u00f0 r\u00edki er ekki \u00e1 r\u00e9ttri lei\u00f0 var\u00f0andi losun sem fellur undir kerfi um skiptingu \u00e1byrg\u00f0ar \u00e1 samf\u00e9lagslosun \u00fearf vi\u00f0komandi r\u00edki a\u00f0 skila a\u00f0ger\u00f0a\u00e1\u00e6tlun \u00fear sem fram kemur hvernig skuldbindingunum ver\u00f0i n\u00e1\u00f0 \u00ed framt\u00ed\u00f0inni. Birta skal \u00e1\u00e6tlunina opinberlega. Formlegt uppgj\u00f6r vegna t\u00edmabilsins 2021-2030 fer fram tvisvar, fyrst \u00e1ri\u00f0 2027 (vegna \u00e1ranna 2021 til 2025) og s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00e1ri\u00f0 2032 (vegna \u00e1ranna 2026 til 2030). Ef uppgj\u00f6ri\u00f0 lei\u00f0ir \u00ed lj\u00f3s a\u00f0 samf\u00e9lagslosun hafi veri\u00f0 umfram \u00fathluta\u00f0ar AEA-heimildir \u00e1 tilteknu \u00e1ri, a\u00f0 teknu tilliti til \u00a0n\u00fdtingar sveigjanleika\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0a, ver\u00f0ur umframlosun \u00feess \u00e1rs b\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 losun n\u00e6sta \u00e1rs a\u00f0 vi\u00f0b\u00e6ttu 8% \u00e1lagi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div id=\"highcharts-UrXduhTQG\"  class=\"highcharts-UrXduhTQG\"><script src=\"https:\/\/app.everviz.com\/inject\/UrXduhTQG\/\" defer=\"defer\"><\/script><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Landnotkunarkerfi\u00f0<\/strong>&nbsp;er kerfi sem n\u00e6r yfir losun og bindingu sem rekja m\u00e1 til landnotkunar. Um er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a eftirfarandi flokka: N\u00fdsk\u00f3gr\u00e6kt, sk\u00f3garey\u00f0ingu, sk\u00f3garumhir\u00f0u og vi\u00f0arafur\u00f0ir, umhir\u00f0u r\u00e6ktarlands, umhir\u00f0u graslendis og umhir\u00f0u votlendis (hi\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0astnefnda \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0eins fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2026). Vegna tilt\u00f6lulega fl\u00f3kinnar gagnas\u00f6fnunar og n\u00e1tt\u00farulegs breytileika \u00ed landnotkunarflokknum skila a\u00f0ildarr\u00edkin uppl\u00fdsingum um losun\/bindingu yfir 5 \u00e1ra t\u00edmabil. Fram til \u00e1rsins 2026, sem sagt fyrir t\u00edmabili\u00f0 2021-2025, er meginmarkmi\u00f0 kerfisins a\u00f0 tryggja a\u00f0 \u00f6ll <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Me\u00f0 framtalinni losun er \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 losun og binding \u00e1 tilteknu \u00e1ri vegna umhir\u00f0u r\u00e6ktarlands og umhir\u00f0u graslendis er talin fram sem breyting mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 me\u00f0altal \u00e1ranna 2005-2009, og losun og binding vegna sk\u00f3garumhir\u00f0u og vi\u00f0arafur\u00f0a er borin saman vi\u00f0 svokalla\u00f0 \u201ask\u00f3gr\u00e6ktarvi\u00f0mi\u00f0\u2018 sem \u00e1kvar\u00f0a\u00f0 er fyrir hvert land fyrir sig.\">framtalin<\/span> losun gr\u00f3\u00f0urh\u00fasalofttegunda vegna landnotkunar \u00ed ESB-r\u00edkjunum ver\u00f0i kolefnisj\u00f6fnu\u00f0. A\u00f0ildarr\u00edkin \u00feurfa a\u00f0 standast svokalla\u00f0a n\u00falllosunarreglu sem felur \u00ed s\u00e9r a\u00f0 jafna \u00fearf \u00fat me\u00f0 bindingu alla vi\u00f0b\u00f3tarlosun sem stafar af tiltekinni landnotkun. \u00deessu er best a\u00f0 l\u00fdsa me\u00f0 d\u00e6mi. Ef sk\u00f3gur er ruddur til a\u00f0 n\u00fdta landi\u00f0 \u00e1 annan h\u00e1tt (t.d. fyrir bygg\u00f0, vegager\u00f0 e\u00f0a landb\u00fana\u00f0) \u00fearf a\u00f0 jafna losunina sem af sk\u00f3garey\u00f0ingunni hl\u00fdst (t.d. me\u00f0 n\u00fdsk\u00f3gr\u00e6kt e\u00f0a b\u00e6ttri umhir\u00f0u r\u00e6ktarlands). B\u00f3khaldsreglur fyrir losun og bindingu eru sta\u00f0la\u00f0ar, \u00feannig a\u00f0 tryggt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 mat \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvort r\u00edki uppfylli n\u00falllosunarregluna s\u00e9 samb\u00e6rilegt fyrir alla a\u00f0ila. Ef framtalin losun vegna landnotkunar er meiri en binding \u00feurfa vi\u00f0komandi r\u00edki a\u00f0 kaupa bindingar\u00e1vinning fr\u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0ru r\u00edki e\u00f0a skila inn AEA-heimildum sem samsvarar mismuninum og n\u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1 enn meiri \u00e1rangri \u00ed samdr\u00e6tti \u00ed samf\u00e9lagslosun. Landnotkunarkerfi\u00f0 tengist \u00fev\u00ed kerfinu um skiptingu \u00e1byrg\u00f0ar. Ef framtalin losun er hins vegar minni en bindingin geta r\u00edki b\u00f3kf\u00e6rt umframbindinguna \u00ed kerfinu um skiptingu \u00e1byrg\u00f0ar upp a\u00f0 tilteknu marki, sem er mismunandi fyrir hvert a\u00f0ildarr\u00edki. Magni\u00f0 sem r\u00edkin mega b\u00f3kf\u00e6ra \u00e1 \u00feennan h\u00e1tt tekur mi\u00f0 af \u00fev\u00ed hversu h\u00e1tt hlutfall losunar vi\u00f0komandi r\u00edkis m\u00e1 rekja til losunar fr\u00e1 landb\u00fana\u00f0i, \u00fear sem m\u00f6guleikar \u00e1 a\u00f0 draga \u00far sl\u00edkri losun eru takmarka\u00f0ir. \u00cdrland mun geta tali\u00f0 fram kolefnisbindingu sem samsvarar 5,7% af samf\u00e9lagslosun landsins \u00e1ri\u00f0 2005. \u00d6nnur r\u00edki mega b\u00f3kf\u00e6ra hlutfallslega mun minni bindingu \u00e1 \u00feennan h\u00e1tt og fyrir flest \u00feeirra er <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Hlutfalli\u00f0 fyrir \u00cdsland samsvarar um 0,6%.\">hlutfalli\u00f0<\/span> \u00e1 bilinu 0,5-1,5%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c1 t\u00edmabilinu 2026-2030 er framlag landnotkunarflokksins til a\u00f0 draga \u00far losun og auka bindingu auki\u00f0 verulega, enda eru markvissar a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir \u00e1 \u00feessu svi\u00f0i nau\u00f0synlegar til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 fram&nbsp;kolefnishlutleysi&nbsp;um e\u00f0a eftir mi\u00f0ja \u00f6ldina eins og stefnt er a\u00f0 skv. Par\u00edsarsamningnum og ESB stefnir a\u00f0 \u00e1ri\u00f0 2050. \u00c1ri\u00f0 2026 ver\u00f0ur <strong>falli\u00f0 fr\u00e1 n\u00fagildandi framtalsreglum<\/strong>, \u00fe.e. a\u00f0 telja losun og bindingu fram mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 tiltekin vi\u00f0mi\u00f0unar\u00e1r og\/e\u00f0a vi\u00f0mi\u00f0unargildi, og \u00ed sta\u00f0inn ver\u00f0ur markmi\u00f0i um 310 millj\u00f3n tonna nett\u00f3bindingu \u00e1 EES-sv\u00e6\u00f0inu <strong>skipt milli r\u00edkja ESB me\u00f0 \u00e1rlegu bindandi markmi\u00f0i<\/strong>&nbsp;fyrir hvert r\u00edki \u00e1 t\u00edmabilinu 2026-2030. Tilgangurinn me\u00f0 mismunandi markmi\u00f0um fyrir r\u00edkin er a\u00f0 tryggja sanngjarna skiptingu \u00e1 milli \u00feeirra. Vi\u00f0 \u00fatreikning \u00e1 markmi\u00f0inu fyrir hvert r\u00edki var teki\u00f0 mi\u00f0 af uppl\u00fdsingum \u00far landsb\u00f3khaldi hvers r\u00edkis var\u00f0andi losun og bindingu vegna landnotkunar, auk \u00feess sem teki\u00f0 var tillit til hagfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegra \u00fe\u00e1tta, breiddargr\u00e1\u00f0u og landslags. \u00c1fram ver\u00f0ur h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 stunda vi\u00f0skipti me\u00f0 umframbindingar\u00e1vinning milli landa en r\u00edki munu \u00fe\u00f3 ekki geta flutt bindingar\u00e1vinning fr\u00e1 t\u00edmabilinu 2021-2025 yfir \u00e1 t\u00edmabili\u00f0 2026-2030. Markmi\u00f0 fyrir \u00cdsland og Noreg liggja ekki fyrir.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"highcharts-gCsla6Z4l\"  class=\"highcharts-gCsla6Z4l\"><script src=\"https:\/\/app.everviz.com\/inject\/gCsla6Z4l\/\" defer=\"defer\"><\/script><\/div>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-in-data-column-and-sticky\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"639\" src=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-content\/uploads\/luca-baggio-4a-VtVoW9Qs-unsplash-1024x639.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-content\/uploads\/luca-baggio-4a-VtVoW9Qs-unsplash-1024x639.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-content\/uploads\/luca-baggio-4a-VtVoW9Qs-unsplash-300x187.jpg 300w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-content\/uploads\/luca-baggio-4a-VtVoW9Qs-unsplash-768x479.jpg 768w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-content\/uploads\/luca-baggio-4a-VtVoW9Qs-unsplash-1536x959.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-content\/uploads\/luca-baggio-4a-VtVoW9Qs-unsplash-2048x1278.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Losun og binding gr\u00f3\u00f0urh\u00fasalofttegunda vegna landnotkunar fellur undir landnotkunarkerfi\u00f0.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kerfi um skiptingu \u00e1byrg\u00f0ar () tekur til samf\u00e9lagslosunar, \u00fe.e.a.s. til annarrar losunar en \u00feeirrar sem fellur undir vi\u00f0skiptakerfi me\u00f0 losunarheimildir (ETS), sem sagt fr\u00e1 heimilum, \u00fej\u00f3nustu, samg\u00f6ngum, landb\u00fana\u00f0i, sj\u00e1var\u00fatvegi, sm\u00e1i\u00f0na\u00f0i og \u00fargangi. Markmi\u00f0 ESB er a\u00f0 draga \u00far \u00feessari losun um 40% til 2030 mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00e1ri\u00f0 . er \u00fathluta\u00f0ur \u00e1kve\u00f0inn fj\u00f6ldi -heimilda sem minnkar [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":283,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":[],"categories":[9],"class_list":["post-191","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-itarefni"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/191","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/article"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/283"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=191"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=191"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}