{"id":463,"date":"2021-06-17T15:53:37","date_gmt":"2021-06-17T15:53:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/?page_id=463"},"modified":"2025-02-11T22:04:54","modified_gmt":"2025-02-11T22:04:54","slug":"heimildir","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/heimildir\/","title":{"rendered":"Heimildir"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Texti s\u00ed\u00f0unnar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

AGREEMENT between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Iceland, of the other part, concerning Iceland’s participation in the joint fulfilment of the commitments of the European Union, its Member States and Iceland for the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:22015A0804(02)&from=GA <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DECISION OF THE EEA JOINT COMMITTEE No 269\/2019 of 25 October 2019 amending Protocol 31 to the EEA Agreement, on cooperation in specific fields outside the four freedoms. https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/clima\/sites\/clima\/files\/news\/20191025.pdf<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

European Union, 2015: EU ETS Handbook. <\/em>https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/clima\/system\/files\/2017-03\/ets_handbook_en.pdf<\/em> <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eurostat 2015: Manual for air emissions accounts<\/em>. https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/documents\/3859598\/7077248\/KS-GQ-15-009-EN-N.pdf\/ce75a7d2-4f3a-4f04-a4b1-747a6614eeb3?t=1447948110000<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hrafnhildur Bragad\u00f3ttir og A\u00f0alhei\u00f0ur J\u00f3hannsd\u00f3ttir, 2021. Loftslagsr\u00e9ttur<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IPCC, 2006: 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.<\/em> Volume 1: General Guidance and Reporting. https:\/\/www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp\/public\/2006gl\/vol1.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

IPCC, 2018: Summary for Policymakers. In: Global Warming of 1.5\u00b0C. An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5\u00b0C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, H.-O. P\u00f6rtner, D. Roberts, J. Skea, P.R. Shukla, A. Pirani, W. Moufouma-Okia, C. P\u00e9an, R. Pidcock, S. Connors, J.B.R. Matthews, Y. Chen, X. Zhou, M.I. Gomis, E. Lonnoy, T. Maycock, M. Tignor, and T. Waterfield (eds.)]. In Press<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Umhverfis- og au\u00f0lindar\u00e1\u00f0uneyti\u00f0, 2020: Iceland’s National Plan. <\/em>https:\/\/www.stjornarradid.is\/library\/02-Rit–skyrslur-og-skrar\/Iceland%20National%20Plan%202020.pdf <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Umhverfisstofnun, 2023: National Inventory Report. Emissions of greenhouse gases in Iceland from 1990 to 2021<\/em>. https:\/\/ust.is\/library\/Skrar\/loft\/NIR\/ISL_NIR%202023_15%20april_on_web.pdf <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Umhverfisstofnun, 2024: National Inventory Document. Emissions of greenhouse gases in Iceland from 1990 to 202<\/em>2. https:\/\/ust.is\/library\/sida\/Loft\/NID%202024_submitted%20to%20EU_30APR_corrected.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vefs\u00ed\u00f0a CORSIA (ICAO), https:\/\/www.icao.int\/environmental-protection\/CORSIA\/Pages\/default.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vefs\u00ed\u00f0a ESB um stefnu \u00ed loftslagsm\u00e1lum, https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/clima\/policies\/strategies_en<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vefs\u00ed\u00f0a Evr\u00f3pu\u00feingsins, https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/portal\/en<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vefs\u00ed\u00f0a loftslagssamningsins, https:\/\/unfccc.int\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vefs\u00ed\u00f0a IMO um loftslagsm\u00e1l, https:\/\/www.imo.org\/en\/MediaCentre\/HotTopics\/Pages\/Cutting-GHG-emissions.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gr\u00f6f \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0unni<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e9r er a\u00f0 finna heimildir \u00e1 bak vi\u00f0 gr\u00f6fin \u00e1 vefs\u00ed\u00f0unni, h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 n\u00e1lgast g\u00f6gnin sj\u00e1lf me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 smella \u00e1 hnapp sem birtist \u00ed h\u00e6gra horninu ofarlega \u00e1 hverju grafi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hitafr\u00e1vik fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 1850<\/strong>. https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/grapher\/temperature-anomaly <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Losun og upptaka kold\u00edox\u00ed\u00f0s fr\u00e1 1959.<\/strong> https:\/\/www.icos-cp.eu\/science-and-impact\/global-carbon-budget\/2023<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Losun kold\u00edox\u00ed\u00f0s eftir heims\u00e1lfum fr\u00e1 1850<\/strong>. Unni\u00f0 \u00far g\u00f6gnum af: https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/grapher\/annual-co-emissions-by-region?stackMode=absolute<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Losun gr\u00f3\u00f0urh\u00fasalofttegunda eftir flokkum fr\u00e1 1990<\/strong>. Unni\u00f0 \u00far g\u00f6gnum fr\u00e1 Umhverfisstofnun, send til h\u00f6fundar s\u00ed\u00f0unnar \u00ed j\u00fan\u00ed 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Losun gr\u00f3\u00f0urh\u00fasalofttegunda – losunarreikningar<\/strong>. Unni\u00f0 \u00far g\u00f6gnum af: https:\/\/px.hagstofa.is\/pxis\/pxweb\/is\/Umhverfi\/Umhverfi__2_losunlofttegunda__2_losunlofttegunda_aea\/UMH31110.px<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Skuldbindingar r\u00edkja skv. Kyoto-b\u00f3kuninni.<\/strong> Unni\u00f0 \u00far g\u00f6gnum af https:\/\/unfccc.int\/files\/kyoto_protocol\/application\/pdf\/kp_doha_amendment_english.pdf<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e6mi um landsframl\u00f6g r\u00edkja til Par\u00edsarsamningsins og lei\u00f0in a\u00f0 kolefnishlutleysi.<\/strong> Unni\u00f0 \u00far g\u00f6gnum af https:\/\/www4.unfccc.int\/sites\/NDCStaging\/Pages\/All.aspx<\/a> og https:\/\/zerotracker.net\/<\/a> (s\u00f3tt 4. mars 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stefna ESB \u00ed loftslagsm\u00e1lum til 2030.<\/strong> Unni\u00f0 \u00far g\u00f6gnum af: https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/clima\/policies\/eu-climate-action_en<\/a> og https:\/\/unfccc.int\/ghg-inventories-annex-i-parties\/2023<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CORSIA: Kerfi fyrir kolefnisj\u00f6fnun og losunarsamdr\u00e1tt \u00ed al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aflugi. <\/strong>https:\/\/www.icao.int\/environmental-protection\/CORSIA\/Pages\/state-pairs.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uppgj\u00f6r \u00e1 fyrra skuldbindingat\u00edmabili Kyoto-b\u00f3kunarinnar.<\/strong> Unni\u00f0 \u00far g\u00f6gnum af: https:\/\/ust.is\/library\/Skrar\/loft\/NIR\/ISL_NIR%202023_15%20april_on_web.pdf<\/a>.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uppgj\u00f6r \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ara skuldbindingat\u00edmabili Kyoto-b\u00f3kunarinnar.<\/strong> Unni\u00f0 \u00far g\u00f6gnum fr\u00e1 Umhverfisstofnun, send til h\u00f6fundar s\u00ed\u00f0unnar \u00ed apr\u00edl 2023 og https:\/\/ust.is\/library\/Skrar\/loft\/NIR\/ISL_NIR%202023_15%20april_on_web.pdf<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c1rleg nett\u00f3losun og \u00e1rlegur fj\u00f6ldi AEA-heimilda.<\/strong> Unni\u00f0 \u00far g\u00f6gnum fr\u00e1 Umhverfisstofnun, send til h\u00f6fundar s\u00ed\u00f0unnar \u00ed j\u00fan\u00ed 2024 og https:\/\/ust.is\/library\/Skrar\/loft\/NIR\/ISL_NIR%202022_15%20april%20submission_submitted.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Losun sta\u00f0bundinna fyrirt\u00e6kja \u00e1 \u00cdslandi innan ETS fr\u00e1 2005.<\/strong> Unni\u00f0 \u00far gagnagrunni ETS-kerfisins fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2013: https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/clima\/ets\/allocationCompliance.do?languageCode=en&registryCode=IS<\/a>. Unni\u00f0 \u00far gr\u00e6nu b\u00f3khaldi fyrirt\u00e6kjanna fyrir \u00e1rin 2005-2013: https:\/\/ust.is\/atvinnulif\/mengandi-starfsemi\/graent-bokhald\/skyrslur\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samf\u00e9lagslosun fr\u00e1 2005-2022 og fj\u00f6ldi AEA-heimilda fr\u00e1 2021-2030.<\/strong> T\u00f6lur um losun eru unnar \u00far g\u00f6gnum fr\u00e1 Umhverfisstofnun, send til h\u00f6fundar s\u00ed\u00f0unnar ma\u00ed 2024.<\/em> T\u00f6lur um fj\u00f6lda AEA-heimilda eru unnar \u00far https:\/\/www.stjornarradid.is\/library\/02-Rit–skyrslur-og-skrar\/Iceland%20National%20Plan%202020.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f6guleg losun til 2030.<\/strong> Unni\u00f0 \u00far g\u00f6gnum fr\u00e1 Umhverfisstofnun, send til h\u00f6fundar s\u00ed\u00f0unnar \u00ed apr\u00edl 2023; https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/clima\/ets\/allocationCompliance.do?languageCode=en&registryCode=IS<\/a> (gagnagrunnur ETS-kerfisins); https:\/\/ust.is\/atvinnulif\/mengandi-starfsemi\/umhverfisupplysingar-graent-bokhald\/skyrslur\/<\/a> (gr\u00e6nt b\u00f3khald); https:\/\/www.stjornarradid.is\/library\/02-Rit–skyrslur-og-skrar\/Iceland%20National%20Plan%202020.pdf<\/a>. Losunarstu\u00f0lar fyrir framreikninga \u00e1 losun fyrirt\u00e6kja innan ETS voru unnir \u00far gagnagrunni ETS-kerfisins og gr\u00e6nu b\u00f3khaldi fyrirt\u00e6kjanna s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00der\u00f3un losunar fr\u00e1 1990<\/strong>. Unni\u00f0 \u00far g\u00f6gnum fr\u00e1: https:\/\/unfccc.int\/ghg-inventories-annex-i-parties\/2023<\/a> og https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/SP.POP.TOTL<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Losun \u00e1 hvern \u00edb\u00faa \u00e1 \u00cdslandi og ESB \u00e1ri\u00f0 2021<\/strong>. Unni\u00f0 \u00far g\u00f6gnum af: https:\/\/unfccc.int\/ghg-inventories-annex-i-parties\/2023<\/a>, https:\/\/www.eea.europa.eu\/data-and-maps\/dashboards\/emissions-trading-viewer-1<\/a> og https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/SP.POP.TOTL<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Losun eftir flokkum og kerfum til a\u00f0 draga \u00far losun<\/strong>. Unni\u00f0 \u00far g\u00f6gnum af: https:\/\/unfccc.int\/ghg-inventories-annex-i-parties\/2021<\/a> (skil \u00cdslands til loftslagssamningsins 2021) og https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/clima\/ets\/allocationCompliance.do?languageCode=en&registryCode=IS <\/a>(gagnagrunnur ETS-kerfisins).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uppgj\u00f6r skv. Kyoto-b\u00f3kuninni.<\/strong> https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/08_unfccc_kp_ref_manual.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Takm\u00f6rkum \u00e1 losun r\u00edkja \u00e1 fyrra skuldbindingat\u00edmabili Kyoto-b\u00f3kunarinnar.<\/strong> Unni\u00f0 \u00far g\u00f6gnum af https:\/\/unfccc.int\/process-and-meetings\/the-kyoto-protocol\/what-is-the-kyoto-protocol\/kyoto-protocol-targets-for-the-first-commitment-period<\/a> og https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/clima\/policies\/strategies\/progress\/kyoto_1_en<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Markmi\u00f0 um samdr\u00e1tt \u00ed samf\u00e9lagslosun eftir r\u00edkjum ESB til 2020<\/strong>. Heimild: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/HTML\/?uri=CELEX:32009D0406&from=EN<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Losun fyrirt\u00e6ja \u00ed flugi, i\u00f0na\u00f0i og orkuvinnslu innan ETS fr\u00e1 2005 til 2022<\/strong>. Heimild: https:\/\/www.eea.europa.eu\/data-and-maps\/dashboards\/emissions-trading-viewer-1<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Markmi\u00f0 um samdr\u00e1tt \u00ed samf\u00e9lagslosun eftir r\u00edkjum til 2030<\/strong>. Heimild: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:32020D2126&from=EN<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samanbur\u00f0ur \u00e1 samf\u00e9lagslosun ESB-r\u00edkja og \u00cdslands. <\/strong>Unni\u00f0 \u00far g\u00f6gnum af: https:\/\/unfccc.int\/ghg-inventories-annex-i-parties\/2023<\/a> og https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/SP.POP.TOTL<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Innlei\u00f0ing sj\u00f3flutninga \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptakerfi ESB me\u00f0 losunarheimildir. <\/strong>Heimild: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:52021PC0551<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Markmi\u00f0 um hlutfallslegan samdr\u00e1tt \u00ed samf\u00e9lagslosun eftir r\u00edkjum \u00e1ri\u00f0 2030. <\/strong>Heimild: https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/infographics\/fit-for-55-effort-sharing-regulation\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Markmi\u00f0 r\u00edkja um nett\u00f3losun e\u00f0a nett\u00f3bindingu \u00ed landnotkunarflokknum \u00e1ri\u00f0 2030. <\/strong>Heimild: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:52021PC0554<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e1gmarks\u00edbl\u00f6ndun sj\u00e1lfb\u00e6rs flugeldsneytis (SAF) og rafeldsneytis. <\/strong>Heimild: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A52021PC0561<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hlutfallslegur samdr\u00e1ttur \u00ed losunarkr\u00e6fni skipaeldsneytis 2025-2050. <\/strong>Heimild: https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/infographics\/fit-for-55-refueleu-and-fueleu\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lj\u00f3smyndir \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0unni<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\"Fors\u00ed\u00f0a Jeremy Bishop\/Unsplash<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Fors\u00ed\u00f0a CHUTTERSNAP\/Unsplash<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Fors\u00ed\u00f0a Nik Shuliahin\/Unsplash<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Fors\u00ed\u00f0a Chris Karidis\/Unsplash<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Fors\u00ed\u00f0a Einar H. Reynis\/Unsplash<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Fors\u00ed\u00f0a Science in HD\/Unsplash<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Fors\u00ed\u00f0a Gretar \u00cdvarsson\/Wikimedia Commons<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" WIJI\/Shutterstock<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Anna_Pushkareva\/Shutterstock<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" William Bossen\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Matt Howard\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Christian Kobierski\/Shutterstock<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Knut Troim\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Iakov Filimonov\/Shutterstock<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Su San Lee\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Qiu Ju Song\/Shutterstock<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Thijs Stoop\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Kalea Morgan\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Luca Baggio\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" alexey starki\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Andy Li\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" DariaGa\/Shutterstock<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Jonatan Pie\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Behzad Azandaryan\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Gudkov Andrey\/Shutterstock<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" JuniperPhoton\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Sam Bark\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" H\u00e9ol\u00efse Delbos\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Toa55\/Shutterstock<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Halld\u00f3r Hafdal Halld\u00f3rsson<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Michiel Annaert\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Toa Heftiba\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Mauro-Fabio Cilurzo\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Nancy O’Connor\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\" Jorge Fern\u00e1ndez Salas\/Unsplash<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Texti s\u00ed\u00f0unnar AGREEMENT between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Iceland, of the other part, concerning Iceland’s participation in the joint fulfilment of the commitments of the European Union, its Member States and Iceland for the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-463","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/463","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=463"}],"version-history":[{"count":55,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/463\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1126,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/463\/revisions\/1126"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/loftslagsmal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=463"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}