\u00cd s\u00ed\u00f0ari heimstyrj\u00f6ldinni voru ger\u00f0ar umfangsmiklar tilraunir me\u00f0 kjarnorku sem leiddu a\u00f0 lokum til \u00feess a\u00f0 kjarnorkusprengjur voru framleiddar. Eins og fr\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 endemum, voru kjarnorkusprengjur l\u00e1tnar falla \u00e1 jap\u00f6nsku borgirnar Hiroshima og Nagasaki 6. og 9. \u00e1g\u00fast 1945<\/span>. Aflei\u00f0ingarnar voru skelfilegar, fj\u00f6ldi f\u00f3lks d\u00f3 og fj\u00f6ldi var\u00f0 fyrir gr\u00ed\u00f0armiklum \u00e1hrifum geislunarinnar. \u00c1 n\u00e6stu \u00e1rum t\u00f3k vi\u00f0 v\u00edgb\u00fana\u00f0arkapphlaup \u00fear sem s\u00edfellt fleiri \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir h\u00f6nnu\u00f0u kjarnorkusprengjur me\u00f0 tilheyrandi kjarnorkutilraunum um v\u00ed\u00f0a ver\u00f6ld. Kjarnorkutilraunum fylgir geislavirkt \u00farfelli sem mengar umhverfi\u00f0. \u00c1ri\u00f0 1963 var sett bann vi\u00f0 tilraunum me\u00f0 kjarnorkuvopn \u00ed andr\u00famsloftinu eftir a\u00f0 geislavirkt stront\u00edum haf\u00f0i m.a. m\u00e6lst \u00ed m\u00f6rg\u00e6sum \u00e1 Su\u00f0urskautinu. \u00c1ri\u00f0 1996 var ger\u00f0ur al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamningur um allsherjarbann vi\u00f0 tilraunum me\u00f0 kjarnorkuvopn, sem hefur \u00fe\u00f3 ekki enn teki\u00f0 gildi \u00fear sem nokkur lykilr\u00edki (s.s. USA, Egyptaland, \u00cdran, \u00cdsrael og K\u00edna) hafa undirrita\u00f0 hann en ekki sta\u00f0fest. Nokkur r\u00edki sem eiga kjarnavopn hafa ekki undirrita\u00f0 samninginn (s.s. Indland, Pakistan og N-K\u00f3rea). \u00c1 \u00feessari \u00f6ld hefur einungis N-K\u00f3rea gert kjarnorkutilraunir.<\/p>\n Mynd 6.1. Vinstra megin er mynd af geislavirku sk\u00fdi sem mynda\u00f0ist vi\u00f0 kjarnorkutilraun Frakka vi\u00f0 Moruroa-rifi\u00f0 \u00ed Kyrrahafi, 3. j\u00fal\u00ed 1970. \u00cd mi\u00f0junni er mynd af geislavirkum \u00fargangi sem komi\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 fyrir \u00ed merktum tunnum. Til h\u00e6gri er mynd af kjarnorkuendurvinnslust\u00f6\u00f0inni \u00ed Sellafield.<\/p><\/div>\n Fyrstu kjarnaofnarnir voru hanna\u00f0ir til a\u00f0 framlei\u00f0a kjarnavopn. Eftir s\u00ed\u00f0ari heimsstyrj\u00f6ldina hvatti r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rn Bandar\u00edkjanna til fri\u00f0samlegrar notkunar kjarnorku. Rafmagn var svo \u00ed fyrsta skipti framleitt me\u00f0 kjarnorku \u00ed Idaho \u00e1ri\u00f0 1951 og mikil bjarts\u00fdni r\u00edkti um framt\u00ed\u00f0 i\u00f0na\u00f0arins \u2013 Lewis Strauss \u00fe\u00e1verandi forma\u00f0ur bandar\u00edskrar nefndar um kjarnorku sp\u00e1\u00f0i \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1ri\u00f0 1954 a\u00f0 me\u00f0 t\u00edmanum yr\u00f0i kjarnorka \u00fea\u00f0 \u00f3d\u00fdr a\u00f0 ekki t\u00e6ki \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 m\u00e6la notkunina. Svo f\u00f3r \u00fe\u00f3 ekki. Kjarnorkui\u00f0na\u00f0urinn f\u00f3r hratt vaxandi \u00e1 7. \u00e1ratug s\u00ed\u00f0ustu aldar. \u00c1 8. og 9. \u00e1ratugnum dr\u00f3 hins vegar \u00far vexti samhli\u00f0a vaxandi \u00e1hyggjum af \u00f6ryggism\u00e1lum og f\u00f6rgun geislavirks \u00fargangs.<\/p>\n N\u00fa er a\u00f0 finna \u00ed umhverfinu margs konar geislavirk efni vegna athafna manna. Umgangur vi\u00f0 geislavirk efni var afar k\u00e6ruleysislegur \u00e1 fyrstu \u00e1rum kjarnorkun\u00fdtingar. Geislavirk efni sluppu \u00fat \u00ed umhverfi\u00f0 fr\u00e1 kjarnorkuverum og geislavirkum \u00fargangi var ekki farga\u00f0 \u00e1 r\u00e9ttan h\u00e1tt. \u00c1 \u00e1rum \u00e1\u00f0ur losu\u00f0u menn sig jafnvel vi\u00f0 geislavirkan \u00fargang me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 s\u00f6kkva honum \u00ed hafi\u00f0.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 6.1 Inngangur Nokkur frumefni eru ger\u00f0 \u00far \u00f3st\u00f6\u00f0ugum frumeindum, \u00fe.e. frumeindum sem sundrast \u00f3sj\u00e1lfr\u00e1tt og mynda st\u00f6\u00f0ugri frumeindir. \u00deessi frumefni eru geislavirk. Geislavirku ni\u00f0urbroti fylgir geislun hla\u00f0inna agna og gammageislar. Henri Becquerel uppg\u00f6tva\u00f0i \u00e1ri\u00f0 1896 a\u00f0 \u00faran\u00edumkjarnar senda fr\u00e1 s\u00e9r Lesa meira…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1751,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1612","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-6-geislavirkni"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1612","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1612"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1612\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4130,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1612\/revisions\/4130"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1751"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1612"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1612"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1612"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/uppsprgeislameng.png\")
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