{"id":171,"date":"2017-09-17T17:24:16","date_gmt":"2017-09-17T17:24:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/80.85.86.254\/sjor\/?p=171"},"modified":"2023-12-14T18:08:01","modified_gmt":"2023-12-14T18:08:01","slug":"1-um-sjoinn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/2017\/09\/17\/1-um-sjoinn\/","title":{"rendered":"1. Um sj\u00f3inn"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>1.1 Inngangur<\/h4>\n<p>H\u00f6fin eru gr\u00ed\u00f0arlega v\u00ed\u00f0\u00e1ttumikil \u2013 \u00feau \u00feekja um 70% af yfirbor\u00f0i jar\u00f0ar og \u00ed \u00feeim er a\u00f0 finna r\u00famlega 97% af \u00f6llu vatni \u00e1 j\u00f6r\u00f0inni. Enda er j\u00f6r\u00f0in oft nefnd <em>bl\u00e1i hn\u00f6tturinn<\/em>. H\u00f6fin gegna st\u00f3ru hlutverki \u00ed vatnshringr\u00e1sinni og vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 tempra og dreifa hita um hn\u00f6ttinn. \u00cd h\u00f6funum er a\u00f0 finna fj\u00f6lbreytt og fj\u00f6lskr\u00fa\u00f0ugt l\u00edf. Sj\u00f3rinn er a.m.k. 3800 millj\u00f3n \u00e1ra gamall og mestur hluti hans var\u00f0 til snemma \u00ed jar\u00f0s\u00f6gunni \u00feegar eldgosagufur \u00fe\u00e9ttust. Jafnv\u00e6gi er \u00e1 milli \u00feess hve \u00f6rt <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Uppleyst efni \u00ed sj\u00f3num eiga uppruna sinn \u00ed bergi og hafa borist \u00feanga\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00e1m. \u00deetta eru efni sem leysast upp \u00ed vatni.\">uppleyst efni<\/span> berast til sj\u00e1var og hve \u00f6rt \u00feau falla \u00fat og mynda <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Efni \u00ed sj\u00f3num setjast til e\u00f0a falla til botns og mynda l\u00f6g \u2013 setl\u00f6g. Me\u00f0 t\u00edmanum geta \u00feessi l\u00f6g \u00fejappast og l\u00edmst saman vegna jar\u00f0laga\u00feunga og or\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 f\u00f6stu bergi, setbergi.\">setl\u00f6g<\/span>. \u00deetta jar\u00f0efnafr\u00e6\u00f0ilega jafnv\u00e6gi hefur haldi\u00f0 efnasamsetningu sj\u00e1var svo til \u00f3breyttri \u00ed mj\u00f6g langan t\u00edma og komi\u00f0 \u00ed veg fyrir a\u00f0 \u00fdmis efni g\u00e6tu safnast fyrir \u00ed hafinu \u00ed sl\u00edkum m\u00e6li a\u00f0 styrkur \u00feeirra yr\u00f0i h\u00e6ttulegur l\u00edfverum.<\/p>\n<p>Hafi\u00f0 er mikilv\u00e6gt fyrir okkur \u00cdslendinga. Vegna hl\u00fdrra hafstrauma er byggilegt h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi. \u00cd sj\u00f3num \u00ed kringum landi\u00f0 eru gj\u00f6ful fiskimi\u00f0 og mikilv\u00e6gar uppeldisst\u00f6\u00f0var margra sj\u00e1vartegunda. \u00cdslenskir sj\u00f3menn hafa s\u00f3tt \u00feanga\u00f0 bj\u00f6rg \u00ed b\u00fa \u00ed aldanna r\u00e1s og \u00ed dag er sj\u00e1var\u00fatvegurinn ein helsta uppspretta \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arau\u00f0s okkar. Vi\u00f0 landi\u00f0 er miki\u00f0 af sj\u00e1varspend\u00fdrum og auk \u00feess er \u00cdsland ein mikilv\u00e6gasta uppeldisst\u00f6\u00f0 margra tegunda sj\u00f3fugla \u00e1 nor\u00f0urhveli jar\u00f0ar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cdslenska hafsv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 er frj\u00f3samt. Grundv\u00f6llur \u00feessarar frj\u00f3semi er mikil framlei\u00f0ni\u00a0<span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"\u00d6rsm\u00e1ir \u00fe\u00f6rungar sem lifa n\u00e1l\u00e6gt yfirbor\u00f0i sj\u00e1var og vatna og berast fyrir straumi og vindi. Svif\u00fe\u00f6rungar eru frumbjarga l\u00edfverur sem n\u00fdta s\u00e9r orku s\u00f3larinnar og \u00f3l\u00edfr\u00e6n efni til vaxtar og vi\u00f0gangs.\">svif\u00fe\u00f6runga<\/span> vi\u00f0 landi\u00f0, en svif\u00fe\u00f6rungar eru einmitt fyrsta stig f\u00e6\u00f0uke\u00f0junnar. Su\u00f0ur og vestur af \u00cdslandi leitar n\u00e6ringarefnar\u00edkur\u00a0<span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Dj\u00fapsj\u00f3r er \u00f6llu j\u00f6fnu saltari en venjulegur sj\u00f3r og er, eins og nafni\u00f0 gefur til kynna, \u00e1 mun meira d\u00fdpi.\">dj\u00fapsj\u00f3r<\/span> upp me\u00f0 landgrunnshl\u00ed\u00f0unum og au\u00f0gar \u00feannig <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Efstu l\u00f6gin.\">yfirbor\u00f0sl\u00f6gin<\/span>. Vi\u00f0 straumaskilin su\u00f0austur og nor\u00f0vestur af landinu, \u00fear sem hl\u00fdsj\u00f3r a\u00f0 sunnan og kaldur sj\u00f3r a\u00f0 nor\u00f0an m\u00e6tast, geta n\u00e6ringarefni borist upp til yfirbor\u00f0sins allt sumari\u00f0, og \u00fear er frj\u00f3semin \u00fev\u00ed einnig mikil. \u00de\u00e1 stu\u00f0lar vetrark\u00e6ling og vindar einnig a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 sj\u00f3r blandast upp og n\u00e6ringarefnafor\u00f0i yfirbor\u00f0slaganna endurn\u00fdjast. Vaxtarskilyr\u00f0i svif\u00fe\u00f6runga, sem eru grundv\u00f6llur d\u00fdral\u00edfsins \u00ed sj\u00f3num, eru \u00fev\u00ed mj\u00f6g g\u00f3\u00f0 h\u00e9r vi\u00f0 land.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1237\" style=\"width: 1172px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/mynd1.1-svifthorungarlp.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1237\" class=\"wp-image-1237 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/mynd1.1-svifthorungarlp.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1162\" height=\"754\" srcset=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/mynd1.1-svifthorungarlp.jpg 1162w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/mynd1.1-svifthorungarlp-300x195.jpg 300w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/mynd1.1-svifthorungarlp-768x498.jpg 768w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/mynd1.1-svifthorungarlp-1024x664.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1162px) 100vw, 1162px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-1237\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mynd 1.1. Svif\u00fe\u00f6rungar undan vesturstr\u00f6nd \u00cdslands.<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1.1 Inngangur H\u00f6fin eru gr\u00ed\u00f0arlega v\u00ed\u00f0\u00e1ttumikil \u2013 \u00feau \u00feekja um 70% af yfirbor\u00f0i jar\u00f0ar og \u00ed \u00feeim er a\u00f0 finna r\u00famlega 97% af \u00f6llu vatni \u00e1 j\u00f6r\u00f0inni. Enda er j\u00f6r\u00f0in oft nefnd bl\u00e1i hn\u00f6tturinn. H\u00f6fin gegna st\u00f3ru hlutverki \u00ed vatnshringr\u00e1sinni <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/2017\/09\/17\/1-um-sjoinn\/\">Lesa meira&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1000,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-171","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-01-umsjoinn","category-adal-kaflar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/171","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=171"}],"version-history":[{"count":42,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/171\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3744,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/171\/revisions\/3744"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1000"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=171"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=171"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=171"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}