{"id":269,"date":"2017-09-18T17:00:21","date_gmt":"2017-09-18T17:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/80.85.86.254\/sjor\/?p=269"},"modified":"2023-12-17T19:51:40","modified_gmt":"2023-12-17T19:51:40","slug":"2-3-af-hverju-notum-vid-oliu-og-hvenaer-byrjadi-oliuoldin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/2017\/09\/18\/2-3-af-hverju-notum-vid-oliu-og-hvenaer-byrjadi-oliuoldin\/","title":{"rendered":"2.3 Af hverju notum vi\u00f0 ol\u00edu og hven\u00e6r byrja\u00f0i ol\u00edu\u00f6ldin?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ol\u00eda ratar upp \u00e1 yfirbor\u00f0 jar\u00f0ar \u00e1 nokkrum st\u00f6\u00f0um \u00ed heiminum. \u00c1 s\u00f6gulegum t\u00edma hefur ol\u00eda sem flaut upp \u00e1 yfirbor\u00f0i\u00f0 oft veri\u00f0 n\u00fdtt \u00e1 einhvern h\u00e1tt. Enginn veit hven\u00e6r ma\u00f0urinn rakst fyrst \u00e1 ol\u00edu, en l\u00edklegt er a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hafi gerst fyrir alla vega 3000 \u00e1rum. \u00cd <span class=\"tooltips \" style=\"\" title=\"Veldi Akkamen\u00edda, sem r\u00e9\u00f0u r\u00edkjum fr\u00e1 um 559 f.Kr. til um 330 f.Kr.\">Persaveldi<\/span> t\u00f6ldu menn hvininn \u00ed n\u00e1tt\u00farugasi sem slapp \u00fat \u00ed umhverfi\u00f0 vera samr\u00e6\u00f0ur gu\u00f0legra vera. Menn vir\u00f0ast hafa n\u00fdtt ol\u00edu v\u00ed\u00f0ast \u00fear sem \u00feeir r\u00e1kust \u00e1 hana. Fyrir \u00fe\u00fasundum \u00e1ra voru K\u00ednverjar me\u00f0 lagnakerfi fyrir ol\u00edu, gert \u00far bambusvi\u00f0i. \u00c1 mi\u00f0\u00f6ldum var ol\u00eda notu\u00f0 til a\u00f0 gera eldv\u00f6rpur. Ol\u00edu var sleppt \u00ed sj\u00f3inn og kveikt \u00ed til a\u00f0 brenna \u00f3vinaskip \u00e1 sj\u00f3. F\u00f3lk f\u00f3r \u00ed ol\u00edub\u00f6\u00f0 og drakk hana jafnvel heilsunnar vegna &#8211; vi\u00f0 vitum \u00fe\u00f3 \u00ed dag a\u00f0 hr\u00e1ol\u00eda er engin hollustuvara.<\/p>\n<p>Skortur \u00e1 b\u00farhv\u00f6lum vegna ofvei\u00f0i \u00e1 19. \u00f6ld hrinti svo ol\u00edu\u00f6ldinni af sta\u00f0. Ver\u00f0 \u00e1 hvalal\u00fdsi sem n\u00fdtt haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 til l\u00fdsingar rauk upp og \u00e1 svipu\u00f0um t\u00edma fundu menn lei\u00f0 til a\u00f0 eima steinol\u00edu \u00far hr\u00e1ol\u00edu. \u00dear me\u00f0 skapa\u00f0ist marka\u00f0ur fyrir steinol\u00edu til l\u00fdsingar. \u00deegar Thomas Alva Edison fann svo upp lj\u00f3saperuna \u00e1ri\u00f0 1879 hvarf marka\u00f0urinn fyrir steinol\u00edu til l\u00fdsingar mj\u00f6g hratt. \u00de\u00e1 voru g\u00f3\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0 d\u00fdr. Finna \u00feurfti annan tilgang fyrir ol\u00eduna. Og hann fannst flj\u00f3tt \u00feegar Karl Benz f\u00f3r a\u00f0 nota \u00fargangsefni \u00far ol\u00eduvinnslu \u2013 bens\u00edn \u2013 til a\u00f0 kn\u00fdja b\u00edlv\u00e9lar. Upp \u00far 1920 var fari\u00f0 a\u00f0 fj\u00f6ldaframlei\u00f0a b\u00edla og eftir seinni heimstyrj\u00f6ld j\u00f3kst svo ol\u00eduframlei\u00f0sla og n\u00fdtingarm\u00f6guleikar ol\u00edu og ol\u00eduafur\u00f0a gr\u00ed\u00f0arlega. N\u00fdting ol\u00edu \u00ed samg\u00f6ngum og orkuframlei\u00f0slu er auglj\u00f3s, en einnig var fari\u00f0 a\u00f0 n\u00fdta ol\u00eduafur\u00f0ir \u00ed alls kyns a\u00f0ra framlei\u00f0slu s.s. efnaframlei\u00f0slu, plastframlei\u00f0slu, lyfjaframlei\u00f0slu og margt fleira.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_2044\" style=\"width: 1210px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/Mynd-kafli2.3-fornbill.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2044\" class=\"wp-image-2044 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/Mynd-kafli2.3-fornbill.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/Mynd-kafli2.3-fornbill.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/Mynd-kafli2.3-fornbill-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/Mynd-kafli2.3-fornbill-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/Mynd-kafli2.3-fornbill-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-2044\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mynd 2.3. Mercedez Benz fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 1903.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Helsti kostur ol\u00edu er orku\u00fe\u00e9ttleikinn. Fyrir \u00fea\u00f0 magn sem kemst fyrir \u00ed einum bolla er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 keyra sparneytinn b\u00edl nokkra k\u00edl\u00f3metra. \u00dear sem ol\u00edan er flj\u00f3tandi er au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 flytja hana \u00e1 milli sta\u00f0a. H\u00fan er \u00fev\u00ed mj\u00f6g hentug. Svo er \u00e1batasamt a\u00f0 d\u00e6la ol\u00edu upp, \u00fev\u00ed orkan sem f\u00e6st me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 brenna hana er svo miklu meiri en orkan sem fer \u00ed a\u00f0 d\u00e6la henni upp. \u00d3kostir ol\u00edu eru hins vegar mengunin sem h\u00fan veldur, b\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 vinnslu, flutninga og notkun. Auk \u00feess m\u00e6tti n\u00fdtni ol\u00edu \u00ed brennsluv\u00e9l vera betri, en h\u00fan er a\u00f0eins 33-50%. Me\u00f0 n\u00fdtni er h\u00e9r \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hlutfall orkunnar \u00ed ol\u00edunni sem n\u00fdtist \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1 vinnu sem v\u00e9linni er \u00e6tla\u00f0 a\u00f0 framkv\u00e6ma.<\/p>\n<div class=\"mceTemp\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ol\u00eda ratar upp \u00e1 yfirbor\u00f0 jar\u00f0ar \u00e1 nokkrum st\u00f6\u00f0um \u00ed heiminum. \u00c1 s\u00f6gulegum t\u00edma hefur ol\u00eda sem flaut upp \u00e1 yfirbor\u00f0i\u00f0 oft veri\u00f0 n\u00fdtt \u00e1 einhvern h\u00e1tt. Enginn veit hven\u00e6r ma\u00f0urinn rakst fyrst \u00e1 ol\u00edu, en l\u00edklegt er a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/2017\/09\/18\/2-3-af-hverju-notum-vid-oliu-og-hvenaer-byrjadi-oliuoldin\/\">Lesa meira&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1750,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-269","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-2-oliaogoliumengun"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/269","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=269"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/269\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3785,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/269\/revisions\/3785"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1750"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=269"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=269"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=269"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}