{"id":705,"date":"2017-09-23T23:17:45","date_gmt":"2017-09-23T23:17:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/80.85.86.254\/sjor\/?p=705"},"modified":"2023-12-18T20:10:42","modified_gmt":"2023-12-18T20:10:42","slug":"4-5-afdrif-plasts-i-sjonum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/2017\/09\/23\/4-5-afdrif-plasts-i-sjonum\/","title":{"rendered":"4.5 Afdrif plasts \u00ed sj\u00f3num"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Eins og komi\u00f0 hefur fram er \u00fea\u00f0 ekki s\u00edst langur endingart\u00edmi plasts sem gerir \u00fea\u00f0 eins eftirs\u00f3knarvert og raun ber vitni til a\u00f0 framlei\u00f0a \u00fdmsar v\u00f6rur. En \u00feessi eftirs\u00f3knarver\u00f0i eiginleiki veldur \u00fev\u00ed l\u00edka a\u00f0 plast sem lendir \u00ed sj\u00f3num brotnar seint e\u00f0a aldrei alveg ni\u00f0ur. \u00deegar plast lendir \u00ed sj\u00f3num taka vi\u00f0 nokkrir n\u00e1tt\u00farulegir ferlar sem stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 ni\u00f0urbroti plastsins:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>L\u00edfverur sem mola plasti\u00f0 ni\u00f0ur \u00ed sm\u00e6rri agnir.<\/li>\n<li>S\u00f3larlj\u00f3s.<\/li>\n<li>S\u00farefni (oxun).<\/li>\n<li>Efni \u00ed sj\u00f3num (salt).<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6ldugangur (mekan\u00edskt ni\u00f0urbrot).<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6rverur (l\u00edfni\u00f0urbrot).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00ddmsar l\u00edfverur taka \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed a\u00f0 mola plast ni\u00f0ur \u00ed sm\u00e6rri hluta. \u00deegar plast sem velkst hefur um \u00ed sj\u00f3num \u00ed einhvern t\u00edma er greint sj\u00e1st stundum greinileg bitf\u00f6r. Bitf\u00f6rin \u00e1 mynd 4.11 eru til a\u00f0 mynda rakin til gikkfiska. L\u00edfverur sem innbyr\u00f0a plast geta flutt plasti\u00f0 langar lei\u00f0ir.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_756\" style=\"width: 1010px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/04.5-M4.11-BitforTanngardar.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-756\" class=\"wp-image-756 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/04.5-M4.11-BitforTanngardar.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"276\" srcset=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/04.5-M4.11-BitforTanngardar.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/04.5-M4.11-BitforTanngardar-300x83.jpg 300w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/04.5-M4.11-BitforTanngardar-768x212.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-756\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mynd 4.11. Bitf\u00f6r \u00e1 plasthlut (til vinstri) sem fannst \u00ed sj\u00f3num eru rakin til gikkfiska, en tanngar\u00f0 \u00feeirra m\u00e1 einmitt sj\u00e1 h\u00e9r \u00e1 myndunum \u00ed mi\u00f0i\u00f0 og til h\u00e6gri.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Plast sem velkist um \u00ed sj\u00f3num ver\u00f0ur fyrir \u00e1hrifum s\u00f3larlj\u00f3ss, s\u00farefnis og sj\u00e1varseltu. Undir \u00feessum kringumst\u00e6\u00f0um ver\u00f0ur plasti\u00f0 st\u00f6kkara en ella og brotnar ni\u00f0ur \u00ed sm\u00e6rri agnir me\u00f0 t\u00edmanum. \u00d6ldugangur \u00fdtir enn frekar undir a\u00f0 st\u00f6kkt plasti\u00f0 brotni ni\u00f0ur \u00ed minni agnir. Jafnvel vi\u00f0 a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00fear sem s\u00f3larinngeislun og \u00f6ldugangur er mikill getur fullt ni\u00f0urbrot \u00fe\u00f3 teki\u00f0 aldir. \u00dear sem plastefni eru ger\u00f0 \u00far \u00e1kve\u00f0num hluta hreinsa\u00f0rar hr\u00e1ol\u00edu, sem var\u00f0 til vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00edfr\u00e6n efni gr\u00f3fust undir setl\u00f6gum og l\u00e1gu \u00fear \u00ed miklum \u00fer\u00fdstingi og hita og \u00ed millj\u00f3nir \u00e1ra, myndi fullt ni\u00f0urbrot \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0a a\u00f0 plastefnin yr\u00f0u aftur a\u00f0 kold\u00edox\u00ed\u00f0i og vatni. Sl\u00edkt \u00feyrfti a\u00f0 gerast fyrir tilstilli \u00fdmissa \u00f6rvera.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cd sj\u00f3num lifa \u00f6rverur sem geta n\u00fdtt s\u00e9r ol\u00eduefni (og \u00fear me\u00f0 sumt plast \u00fev\u00ed plasti\u00f0 er b\u00fai\u00f0 til \u00far ol\u00edu) til vaxtar og vi\u00f0halds. H\u00e9r er um a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a bakter\u00edur, sveppi, einfruma \u00fe\u00f6runga og frumd\u00fdr, sem geta nota\u00f0 ol\u00edu sem kolefnis- og orkugjafa. Hver \u00f6rverutegund br\u00fdtur yfirleitt a\u00f0eins ni\u00f0ur \u00e1kve\u00f0in vetniskolefni, \u00feannig a\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 ni\u00f0urbroti\u00f0 ver\u00f0i \u00e1rangursr\u00edkt \u00feurfa margar tegundir \u00f6rvera a\u00f0 vinna saman e\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e1 hver \u00e1 eftir annarri. L\u00edfni\u00f0urbrot getur ekki eytt ol\u00edu \u00ed miklu magni, en er til langs t\u00edma ein helsta lei\u00f0in fyrir n\u00e1tt\u00farulega ey\u00f0ingu \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu leifum ol\u00edu af ol\u00edumenga\u00f0ri strandlengju. \u00deegar plast er framleitt eru ol\u00eduefnin me\u00f0h\u00f6ndlu\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feann h\u00e1tt (t.d. me\u00f0 andoxunarefnum og hersluefnum) a\u00f0 l\u00edfr\u00e6nt ni\u00f0urbrot ver\u00f0ur enn erfi\u00f0ara. Plast er j\u00fa gert til a\u00f0 endast! \u00dea\u00f0 kemur \u00fev\u00ed ekki \u00e1 \u00f3vart a\u00f0 l\u00edfni\u00f0urbrot \u00e1 plasti taki mj\u00f6g langan t\u00edma.<\/p>\n<p>Plast \u00ed sj\u00f3num ey\u00f0ist sem sagt seint e\u00f0a aldrei en brotnar hins vegar sm\u00e1m saman ni\u00f0ur \u00ed sm\u00e6rri og sm\u00e6rri einingar. \u00deessar sm\u00e1u einingar hafa hlutfallslega miki\u00f0 yfirbor\u00f0sflatarm\u00e1l. Plastefni virka eins og segull fyrir \u00fdmis eiturefni sem er a\u00f0 finna \u00ed sj\u00f3num vegna athafna manna, s.s. skord\u00fdraeitur og \u00f6nnur eiturefni sem notu\u00f0 er \u00ed landb\u00fana\u00f0i, br\u00f3meru\u00f0 eldvarnarefni, \u00fer\u00e1virk l\u00edfr\u00e6n efni o.fl. \u00dev\u00ed st\u00e6rra sem yfirbor\u00f0sflatarm\u00e1l plastagnanna er og \u00fev\u00ed lengur sem \u00fe\u00e6r velkjast um \u00ed sj\u00f3num, \u00feeim mun meira af h\u00e6ttulegum efnum getur safnast utan \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e6r. Plastagnir geta \u00fev\u00ed b\u00e6\u00f0i innihaldi\u00f0 \u00feau eiturefni sem sett voru \u00ed plasti\u00f0 \u00feegar \u00fea\u00f0 var framleitt (s.s. \u00feal\u00f6t og BPA) og eiturefni sem \u00e1sogast \u00e1 agnirnar \u00feegar \u00fe\u00e6r velkjast um \u00ed sj\u00f3num (s.s. eldvarnarefni, PCB, DDT og fleiri pl\u00e1guey\u00f0a).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_2510\" style=\"width: 959px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/plastogpop.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2510\" class=\"wp-image-2510 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/plastogpop.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"949\" height=\"295\" srcset=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/plastogpop.png 949w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/plastogpop-300x93.png 300w, https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/wp-content\/uploads\/plastogpop-768x239.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 949px) 100vw, 949px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-2510\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mynd 4.12. \u00dev\u00ed lengur sem plastagnir velkjast um \u00ed sj\u00f3num \u00feeim mun meira af eiturefnum safna \u00fe\u00e6r \u00ed sig. Sl\u00edkar breytingar geta jafnvel veri\u00f0 sj\u00e1anlegar \u00ed litabreytingum.<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Eins og komi\u00f0 hefur fram er \u00fea\u00f0 ekki s\u00edst langur endingart\u00edmi plasts sem gerir \u00fea\u00f0 eins eftirs\u00f3knarvert og raun ber vitni til a\u00f0 framlei\u00f0a \u00fdmsar v\u00f6rur. En \u00feessi eftirs\u00f3knarver\u00f0i eiginleiki veldur \u00fev\u00ed l\u00edka a\u00f0 plast sem lendir \u00ed sj\u00f3num brotnar <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/2017\/09\/23\/4-5-afdrif-plasts-i-sjonum\/\">Lesa meira&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1008,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-4-urgangur-plast"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/705","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=705"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/705\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3816,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/705\/revisions\/3816"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1008"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=705"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=705"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/himinnoghaf.is\/mengunsjavar\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=705"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}